From regions to connections and networks: new bridges between brain and behavior.

Connections and interactions among distributed brain areas are increasingly recognized as the basis for cognitive operations and a diverse repertoire of behaviors. Analytic advances have allowed for brain connectivity to be represented and quantified at multiple levels: from single connections to communities and networks. This review traces the trajectory of network neuroscience, focusing on how connectivity patterns can be related to cognition and behavior. As recent initiatives for open science provide access to imaging and phenotypic data with great detail and depth, we argue that approaches capable of directly modeling multivariate relationships between brain and behavior will become increasingly important in the field.

• Publication year

  2016

• Venue

  Current Opinion in Neurobiology

• Publication date

  2016-10-01

• Fields of study

  Medicine, Psychology

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1016/j.conb.2016.05.003PMID 27209150PMCID PMC5056800
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Regional specialization within the human striatum for diverse psychological functions

  2016cited by this paper
• Meta-connectomics: human brain network and connectivity meta-analyses

  2016cited by this paper
• Modular structure of brain functional networks: breaking the resolution limit by Surprise

  2016cited by this paper
• Sharing the wealth: Neuroimaging data repositories

  2016cited by this paper
• Network-Level Structure-Function Relationships in Human Neocortex

  2016cited by this paper
• Individual attentional selection capacities are reflected in interhemispheric connectivity of the parietal cortex

  2016cited by this paper
• Altered Prefrontal Excitation/Inhibition Balance and Prefrontal Output: Markers of Aging in Human Memory Networks.

  2016cited by this paper
• White-Matter Tract Connecting Anterior Insula to Nucleus Accumbens Correlates with Reduced Preference for Positively Skewed Gambles.

  2016cited by this paper
• Modular Brain Networks.

  2016cited by this paper
• Transient brain activity disentangles fMRI resting-state dynamics in terms of spatially and temporally overlapping networks

  2015cited by this paper
• Learning Control Over Emotion Networks Through Connectivity‐Based Neurofeedback

  2015cited by this paper
• Tracking ongoing cognition in individuals using brief, whole-brain functional connectivity patterns

  2015cited by this paper
• Connectomics and new approaches for analyzing human brain functional connectivity

  2015cited by this paper
• Flexible brain network reconfiguration supporting inhibitory control

  2015cited by this paper
• Dynamic fluctuations coincide with periods of high and low modularity in resting-state functional brain networks

  2015cited by this paper
• Functional connectome fingerprinting: Identifying individuals based on patterns of brain connectivity

  2015cited by this paper
• Cognitive Network Neuroscience

  2015cited by this paper
• Effective connectivity of brain regions related to visual word recognition: An fMRI study of Chinese reading

  2015cited by this paper
• A positive-negative mode of population covariation links brain connectivity, demographics and behavior

  2015cited by this paper
• The modular and integrative functional architecture of the human brain

  2015cited by this paper
• Brain Networks and Cognitive Architectures.

  2015cited by this paper
• Functional Specialization and Flexibility in Human Association Cortex.

  2015cited by this paper
• Learning-induced autonomy of sensorimotor systems

  2014cited by this paper
• Contributions and challenges for network models in cognitive neuroscience

  2014cited by this paper
• Reconfigurable task-dependent functional coupling modes cluster around a core functional architecture

  2014cited by this paper
• Putting big data to good use in neuroscience

  2014cited by this paper
• Connectotyping: Model Based Fingerprinting of the Functional Connectome

  2014cited by this paper
• Quantifying the Reconfiguration of Intrinsic Networks during Working Memory

  2014cited by this paper
• Making big data open: data sharing in neuroimaging

  2014cited by this paper
• Discovery of Brainwide Neural-Behavioral Maps via Multiscale Unsupervised Structure Learning

  2014cited by this paper
• An open science resource for establishing reliability and reproducibility in functional connectomics

  2014cited by this paper
• Intrinsic and task-evoked network architectures of the human brain.

  2014cited by this paper
• Multivariate statistical analyses for neuroimaging data.

  2013cited by this paper
• The WU-Minn Human Connectome Project: An overview

  2013cited by this paper
• Evidence for hubs in human functional brain networks.

  2013cited by this paper
• Intrinsic Architecture Underlying the Relations among the Default, Dorsal Attention, and Frontoparietal Control Networks of the Human Brain

  2013cited by this paper
• Interactions Between the Nucleus Accumbens and Auditory Cortices Predict Music Reward Value

  2013cited by this paper
• Multi-task connectivity reveals flexible hubs for adaptive task control

  2013cited by this paper
• Cognitive relevance of the community structure of the human brain functional coactivation network

  2013cited by this paper
• Decoding subject-driven cognitive states with whole-brain connectivity patterns.

  2012cited by this paper
• The NKI-Rockland Sample: A Model for Accelerating the Pace of Discovery Science in Psychiatry

  2012cited by this paper
• Task-Based Core-Periphery Organization of Human Brain Dynamics

  2012cited by this paper
• Competitive and cooperative dynamics of large-scale brain functional networks supporting recollection

  2012cited by this paper
• Open neuroscience solutions for the connectome-wide association era.

  2012cited by this paper
• The organization of the human cerebral cortex estimated by intrinsic functional connectivity.

  2011cited by this paper
• Decoding brain states from fMRI connectivity graphs

  2011cited by this paper
• Weight-conserving characterization of complex functional brain networks

  2011cited by this paper
• Large-scale automated synthesis of human functional neuroimaging data

  2011cited by this paper
• Functional network organization of the human brain.

  2011cited by this paper
• Behavioral Interpretations of Intrinsic Connectivity Networks

  2011cited by this paper
• Efficient Physical Embedding of Topologically Complex Information Processing Networks in Brains and Computer Circuits

  2010cited by this paper
• Large-scale brain networks in cognition: emerging methods and principles.

  2010cited by this paper
• Genotype–phenotype mapping and the end of the ‘genes as blueprint’ metaphor

  2010cited by this paper
• The Genetic Landscape of a Cell

  2010cited by this paper
• Toward discovery science of human brain function

  2010cited by this paper
• Correspondence of the brain's functional architecture during activation and rest

  2009cited by this paper
• Modalities, Modes, and Models in Functional Neuroimaging

  2009cited by this paper
• Consistent resting-state networks across healthy subjects

  2006cited by this paper
• The Human Connectome: A Structural Description of the Human Brain

  2005cited by this paper
• Lateralized Cognitive Processes and Lateralized Task Control in the Human Brain

  2003cited by this paper
• Mapping context and content: the BrainMap model

  2002cited by this paper
• Measures of degeneracy and redundancy in biological networks.

  1999cited by this paper
• Mapping cognition to the brain through neural interactions.

  1999cited by this paper
• Interactions of prefrontal cortex in relation to awareness in sensory learning.

  1999cited by this paper
• Network memory.

  1997cited by this paper

• A roadmap for conducting more inclusive research on brain resilience in ageing and dementia.

  2026cites this paper
• Neural commonalities and dissociations of human social and experiential learning.

  2026cites this paper
• Specific Brain Activity During Theory of Mind Tasks in Autistic Individuals: A Meta‐Analysis of fMRI Studies

  2026cites this paper
• Altered Higher-Order Structural and Functional Connectivity Coupling in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

  2026cites this paper
• Personalized whole-brain Ising models with heterogeneous nodes capture differences among brain regions

  2026cites this paper
• Multimodal Imaging Markers of Cognitive Resilience and Molecular Mechanisms of Brain Resilience in Alzheimer's Disease.

  2025cites this paper
• Mapping trait justice sensitivity in the Brain: Whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity as a predictor of other-oriented not self-oriented justice sensitivity

  2025cites this paper
• Anatomical White Matter Tracts Span the Cortical Hierarchy to Support Cognitive Diversity

  2025cites this paper
• Graph-Weighted High-Dimensional Information-Based Similarity for Detecting Altered Brain Functional Connectivity in Sleep Apnea Patients

  2025cites this paper
• Nonlinear multiregion neural dynamics with parametric impulse response communication channels

  2025cites this paper
• Neuroscience of Behavior

  2025cites this paper
• Multimodal objective assessment of impulsivity in healthy and mood disorder participants

  2025cites this paper
• Enhancing Neuroplasticity Post Stroke: The Role of Cognitive–Behavioral Training

  2025cites this paper
• Vertex-Frequency Analysis of Brain Networks: Unveiling the Connection Between Structure-Function Coupling and Cognitive Ability

  2025cites this paper
• Global organisation of structural covariance networks derived from parcellated cortical surface area in atypical populations

  2025cites this paper
• Mapping Core Memory Networks in Cognitively Impaired Adults Aged 75 and Older: Insights From a WMS‐R‐Based Symptom Network Analysis

  2025cites this paper
• Modularity Measures of Functional Brain Networks Predict Individual Differences in Long‐Term Memory

  2025cites this paper
• EXPLORING BRAIN CHANGES IN SELF-REPORTED ANXIETY: CUTTING-EDGE EXPLORATORY DIFFUSION TENSOR IMAGING STUDY REVEALS DISTINCT ALTERATIONS IN WHITE MATTER TRACT STRUCTURE AMONG NON-CLINICAL INDIVIDUALS

  2025cites this paper
• The Interplay between Poverty and the Human Brain Connectome Across the Lifespan: A Systematic Review.

  2025cites this paper
• Large-scale Functional Networks Underlying Visual Attention.

  2025cites this paper
• The Neural Association Between Symptom and Cognition in Major Depressive Disorder: A Network Control Theory Study

  2025cites this paper
• Yale Brain Atlas to interactively explore multimodal structural and functional neuroimaging data

  2025cites this paper
• Imbalance of thalamocortical structural connectivity in adolescents with early-onset schizophrenia.

  2025cites this paper
• Dual-site beta transcranial alternating current stimulation during a bimanual coordination task modulates functional connectivity between motor areas

  2025cites this paper
• An EEG-network-metric based approach to real-time trust inference in human-autonomy teaming

  2025cites this paper
• Functional connectome hierarchy of thalamus impacts fatigue in acute stroke patients.

  2024cites this paper
• Causal connectivity measures for pulse-output network reconstruction: Analysis and applications

  2024cites this paper
• Persistent homology reveals robustness loss in inhaled substance abuse rs-fMRI networks

  2024cites this paper
• Neural mechanisms of altruistic decision-making: EEG functional connectivity network analysis

  2024cites this paper
• Mapping multi-modal dynamic network activity during naturalistic music listening

  2024cites this paper
• Autistic Neural Shiftability: The Distinct Pharmacological Landscape of the Autistic Brain

  2024cites this paper
• Connectome-based prediction of individual behaviors via convolutional graph propagation network

  2024cites this paper
• Shared and distinct neural signatures of feature and spatial attention

  2024cites this paper
• Age-related differences in resting-state, task-related, and structural brain connectivity: graph theoretical analyses and visual search performance

  2024cites this paper
• Identifying individual's distractor suppression using functional connectivity between anatomical large-scale brain regions

  2024cites this paper
• Hierarchies of description enable understanding of cognitive phenomena in terms of neuron activity

  2024cites this paper
• Mapping the structure-function relationship along macroscale gradients in the human brain

  2024cites this paper
• Investigating robust associations between functional connectivity based on graph theory and general intelligence

  2024cites this paper
• Connectome-based reservoir computing with the conn2res toolbox

  2024cites this paper
• Edge-centric network control on the human brain structural network

  2024cites this paper
• Identification of Schizophrenia using Functional Connectivity and Graph Theory through Resting State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rs- fMRI)

  2024cites this paper
• The dynamic causality brain network reflects whether the working memory is solidified.

  2023cites this paper
• Univariate and multivariate sex differences and similarities in gray matter volume within essential language-processing areas

  2023cites this paper
• Joint contributions from brain activity and activity-independent functional connectivity to working memory aging.

  2023influential citation
• Investigating robust associations between functional connectivity based on graph theory and general intelligence

  2023cites this paper
• Mechanisms of Change in Cognitive Function Domains Among Older Adults in Cognitive Deterioration and Improvement Groups: Evidence From Phenotypic Network Structure.

  2023cites this paper
• Local structural and functional MRI markers of compulsive behaviors and obsessive-compulsive disorder diagnosis within striatum-based circuits.

  2023cites this paper
• ADM IRE ++: Explainable Anomaly Detection in the Human Brain via Inductive Learning on Temporal Multiplex Networks

  2023cites this paper
• Top-down threat bias in pain perception is predicted by higher segregation between resting-state networks

  2023cites this paper
• The effect of weight loss following 18 months of lifestyle intervention on brain age assessed with resting-state functional connectivity

  2023cites this paper
• Network Analysis of Depression Using Magnetoencephalogram Based on Polynomial Kernel Granger Causality

  2023cites this paper
• Resting-state cortical hubs in youth organize into four categories

  2023cites this paper
• conn2res: A toolbox for connectome-based reservoir computing

  2023cites this paper
• Design science and neuroscience: A systematic review of the emergent field of Design Neurocognition

  2023cites this paper
• Locating causal hubs of memory consolidation in spontaneous brain network in male mice

  2023cites this paper
• Dynamic Brain Behaviours in Stroke: A Longitudinal Investigation Based on fMRI Analysis

  2023cites this paper
• Question sense, inquiry, and inventiveness

  2023cites this paper
• Anomaly Detection in Human Brain via Inductive Learning on Temporal Multiplex Networks

  2023cites this paper
• Learning Temporal Higher-order Patterns to Detect Anomalous Brain Activity

  2023cites this paper
• Causal Influences Decouple From Their Underlying Network Structure In Echo State Networks

  2022cites this paper
• Pattern of frustration formation in the functional brain network

  2022cites this paper
• Multivariate Gaussian Copula Mutual Information to Estimate Functional Connectivity with Less Random Architecture

  2022cites this paper
• A connectomics-based taxonomy of mammals

  2022cites this paper
• Multidimensional inhibitory signatures of sentential negation in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia.

  2022cites this paper
• Multi-modal and multi-subject modular organization of human brain networks

  2022cites this paper
• Effect of Helicobacter pylori-Associated Chronic Gastritis on Autonomous Activity and Sleep Quality in Mice

  2022cites this paper
• Two distinct subtypes of obsessive compulsive disorder revealed by a framework integrating multimodal neuroimaging information

  2022cites this paper
• The evolution of combinatoriality and compositionality in hominid tool use: a comparative perspective

  2022cites this paper
• Strengthened and posterior-shifted structural rich-club organization in people who use cocaine.

  2022cites this paper
• Agouti-related protein as the glucose signaling sensor in the central melanocortin circuits in regulating fish food intake

  2022cites this paper
• Responses of functional brain networks in micro-expressions: An EEG study

  2022cites this paper
• Benchmarking functional connectivity by the structure and geometry of 2 the human brain

  2022cites this paper
• Associated functional network connectivity between callous-unemotionality and cognitive and affective empathy.

  2022cites this paper
• Intrinsic brain activity patterns across large‐scale networks predict reciprocity propensity

  2022cites this paper
• Structural-functional connectivity bandwidth of the human brain

  2022cites this paper
• Directed Spectrum Measures Improve Latent Network Models Of Neural Populations

  2021cites this paper
• Out of control: An altered parieto-occipital-cerebellar network for impulsivity in bipolar disorder.

  2021cites this paper
• Connectome-based individual prediction of cognitive behaviors via graph propagation network reveals directed brain network topology

  2021cites this paper
• Mapping gene transcription and neurocognition across human neocortex

  2021cites this paper
• Mapping individual differences across brain network structure to function and behavior with connectome embedding

  2021cites this paper
• Adaptive Reconfiguration of Intrinsic Community Structure in Children with 5-Year Abacus Training.

  2021cites this paper
• Modular Community Structure of the Face Network Supports Face Recognition.

  2021cites this paper
• MEG, myself, and I: individual identification from neurophysiological brain activity

  2021cites this paper
• Recognition memory performance can be estimated based on brain activation networks.

  2021cites this paper
• Multi-task learning based structured sparse canonical correlation analysis for brain imaging genetics

  2021cites this paper
• The bilingual lexicon, back and forth: Electrophysiological signatures of translation asymmetry.

  2021cites this paper
• Arithmetic success and gender-based characterization of brain connectivity across EEG bands

  2021cites this paper
• Connecting the dots in ethology: applying network theory to understand neural and animal collectives.

  2021cites this paper
• Predicting Post-Stroke Somatosensory Function from Resting-State Functional Connectivity: A Feasibility Study

  2021cites this paper
• Topological impact of negative links on the stability of resting-state brain network

  2021cites this paper
• Systematic perturbation of an artificial neural network: A step towards quantifying causal contributions in the brain

  2021cites this paper
• Effective Connectivity for Decoding Electroencephalographic Motor Imagery Using a Probabilistic Neural Network

  2021cites this paper
• Benchmarking functional connectivity by the structure and geometry of the human brain

  2021cites this paper
• Assessing the Repeatability of Multi-Frequency Multi-Layer Brain Network Topologies Across Alternative Researcher’s Choice Paths

  2021cites this paper
• Brief segments of neurophysiological activity enable individual differentiation

  2021cites this paper
• Crux Role of Neurocomputing in Teaching Learning Pedagogy

  2021cites this paper
• The role of transcranial magnetic stimulation in understanding attention-related networks in single subjects

  2021cites this paper
• Static and Dynamic Topological Organizations of the Costly Punishment Network Predict Individual Differences in Punishment Propensity.

  2021cites this paper
• Prefrontal connectomics: from anatomy to human imaging

  2021cites this paper
• Mapping structure to function and behavior with individual-level connectome embedding

  2021cites this paper