Wavefront shaping with disorder-engineered metasurfaces

Mooseok Jang,Y. Horie,A. Shibukawa,Joshua Brake,Yan Liu,Seyedeh Mahsa Kamali,A. Arbabi,H. Ruan,A. Faraon,Changhuei Yang

Published 2017 in Nature Photonics

ABSTRACT

Recently, wavefront shaping with disordered media has demonstrated optical manipulation capabilities beyond those of conventional optics, including extended volume, aberration-free focusing and subwavelength focusing. However, translating these capabilities to useful applications has remained challenging as the input–output characteristics of the disordered media (P variables) need to be exhaustively determined via O(P) measurements. Here, we propose a paradigm shift where the disorder is specifically designed so its exact input–output characteristics are known a priori and can be used with only a few alignment steps. We implement this concept with a disorder-engineered metasurface, which exhibits additional unique features for wavefront shaping such as a large optical memory effect range in combination with a wide angular scattering range, excellent stability, and a tailorable angular scattering profile. Using this designed metasurface with wavefront shaping, we demonstrate high numerical aperture (NA > 0.5) focusing and fluorescence imaging with an estimated ~2.2 × 108 addressable points in an ~8 mm field of view. Using designer-disordered metasurfaces, optical input–output characteristics, which are typically difficult to obtain, can be known a priori. The approach is used for wavefront shaping, high-numerical-aperture focusing and fluorescence imaging.

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