Initially identified in the parathyroidea, the calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) is now recognized as an ubiquitously expressed receptor that exerts specific functions in multiple organs including the cardiovascular system. This review will focus on the role that CaSR plays in vascular and cardiac tissues. In the vasculature, CaSR is expressed in endothelial and smooth muscle cells. CaSR of endothelial cells participates in part to the regulation of local perfusion by linkage of CaSR activation to endothelial hyperpolarization and nitric oxide release. CaSR of smooth muscle cells is involved in the control of proliferation. In the pulmonary vasculature, however, CaSR participates in the onset of pulmonary hypertension, making CaSR antagonism a therapeutic option in this case. In the heart, CaSR is expressed in cardiac fibroblasts and myoyctes, contributing to normal cardiac function and composition of extracellular matrix. More important, activation of CaSR may participate in the cardiac protective effects of ischaemic pre-conditioning. In conclusion, CaSR plays an important physiological role in many regulatory pathways of the cardiovascular system, but due to the complex interaction between various cardiovascular cells and cell-specific effects, use of activators or inhibitors of CaSR for treatment of specific disease forms is yet not on the way.
Calcium sensing receptor expression and signalling in cardiovascular physiology and disease.
Published 2018 in Vascular pharmacology
ABSTRACT
PUBLICATION RECORD
- Publication year
2018
- Venue
Vascular pharmacology
- Publication date
2018-03-04
- Fields of study
Biology, Medicine
- Identifiers
- External record
- Source metadata
Semantic Scholar, PubMed
CITATION MAP
EXTRACTION MAP
CLAIMS
CONCEPTS
- calcium sensing receptor (casr)
A calcium-sensing receptor discussed here as an ubiquitously expressed receptor with roles in cardiovascular tissues.
Aliases: CaSR, calcium sensing receptor
- cardiac fibroblasts
Heart stromal cells involved in maintaining cardiac tissue structure and matrix production.
- endothelial cells
Vascular lining cells that express CaSR in the vessel wall.
- ischaemic pre-conditioning
A cardioprotective response induced by brief prior ischemic episodes.
Aliases: ischemic preconditioning, ischemic pre-conditioning
- local perfusion
Regulation of blood flow within local vascular beds.
- pulmonary hypertension
A pulmonary vascular disease characterized by elevated pressure in the pulmonary circulation.
- smooth muscle cells
Contractile vascular cells discussed as a site of CaSR expression and signaling.
REFERENCES
CITED BY
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