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Mild aerobic training with blood flow restriction increases the hypertrophy index and MuSK in both slow and fast muscles of old rats: Role of PGC‐1&agr;

Mohammad-Ali Bahreinipour,S. Joukar,F. Hovanloo,H. Najafipour,Vida Naderi,Alireza Rajiamirhasani,S. Esmaeili-Mahani

Published 2018 in Life Science

ABSTRACT

Aims: Existing evidence emphasize the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in sarcopenia which is revealed as loss of skeletal muscle mass and neuromuscular junction remodeling. We assessed the effect of low‐intensity aerobic training along with blood flow restriction on muscle hypertrophy index, muscle‐specific kinase (MuSK), a pivotal protein of the neuromuscular junction and Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma co‐activator 1‐alpha (PGC‐1&agr;) in aged male rats. Main methods: Animals groups were control (CTL), sham (Sh), leg blood flow restriction (BFR), exercise (Ex), sham + exercise (Sh + Ex), and BFR plus exercise (BFR + Ex) groups. The exercise groups were trained with low intensity exercise for 10 weeks. 48 h after the last training session, animals were sacrificed under anesthesia. Soleus and EDL muscles were isolated, hypertrophy index was estimated and MuSK and PGC‐1&agr; were measured by western blot method. Key findings: Hypertrophy index enhanced in soleus and Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles of BFR + Ex group (P < 0.01 versus CTL and Sh groups, and P < 0.001 versus other groups). The MuSK protein of soleus and EDL muscles increased in BFR + Ex group (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively) in comparison with CTL and Sh groups. In BFR + Ex group, the PGC‐1&agr; protein increased in both soleus and EDL (P < 0.001 compared to other groups). Also the PGC‐1&agr; of soleus muscle was higher in Ex and Sh + Ex groups versus CTL and Sh groups (P < 0.05). Significance: Findings suggest that low endurance exercise plus BFR improves the MuSK and hypertrophy index of both slow and fast muscles of elderly rats probably through the rise of PGC‐1&agr; expression. HighlightsSarcopenia is associated with loss of muscle mass and neuromuscular junction remodeling.Old rats were subjected to mild training and BFR for ten weeks.Then, contractile elements and MuSK of soleus and EDL muscles were measured.BFR plus mild exercise increased contractile elements and MuSK in slow and fast muscles.A part of this effect may mediate via improvement of PGC‐1&agr; production in aged rats.

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