Nitrate, the oral microbiome, and cardiovascular health: a systematic literature review of human and animal studies.

No abstract is available for this paper.

• Publication year

  2018

• Venue

  American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

• Publication date

  2018-04-01

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine, Environmental Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1093/ajcn/nqx046PMID 29635489
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer and all-cause mortality—a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies

  2017cited by this paper
• Oral Microbiome and Nitric Oxide: the Missing Link in the Management of Blood Pressure

  2017cited by this paper
• Specific inulin-type fructan fibers protect against autoimmune diabetes by modulating gut immunity, barrier function, and microbiota homeostasis.

  2017cited by this paper
• Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Silent Cerebrovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association

  2017cited by this paper
• Sulfate, nitrate and blood pressure – An EPIC interaction between sulfur and nitrogen

  2017cited by this paper
• Development of a reference database for assessing dietary nitrate in vegetables.

  2017influential reference
• Association of dietary nitrate with atherosclerotic vascular disease mortality: a prospective cohort study of older adult women.

  2017cited by this paper
• Association of Vegetable Nitrate Intake With Carotid Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease in Older Women

  2017cited by this paper
• Organic versus conventional food: A comparison regarding food safety

  2017cited by this paper
• Vitamin C intake modify the impact of dietary nitrite on the incidence of type 2 diabetes: A 6-year follow-up in Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.

  2017cited by this paper
• Blood Pressure–Lowering Effect of Orally Ingested Nitrite Is Abolished by a Proton Pump Inhibitor

  2017cited by this paper
• The oral microbiome – an update for oral healthcare professionals

  2016cited by this paper
• Dietary Nitrate and the Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease: Report From a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Workshop

  2016cited by this paper
• Effect of nitrate supplementation on hepatic blood flow and glucose homeostasis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized control trial.

  2016cited by this paper
• Physicochemical, nutritional, and sensory analyses of a nitrate-enriched beetroot gel and its effects on plasmatic nitric oxide and blood pressure

  2016cited by this paper
• A stepwise reduction in plasma and salivary nitrite with increasing strengths of mouthwash following a dietary nitrate load.

  2016cited by this paper
• Low dose dietary nitrate improves endothelial dysfunction and plaque stability in the ApoE-/- mouse fed a high fat diet.

  2016cited by this paper
• Consumption of nitrate containing vegetables and the risk of chronic kidney disease: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

  2016cited by this paper
• Nitrate-Rich Vegetables Increase Plasma Nitrate and Nitrite Concentrations and Lower Blood Pressure in Healthy Adults.

  2016influential reference
• Effects of acute dietary nitrate supplementation on aortic blood pressure and aortic augmentation index in young and older adults.

  2016influential reference
• Cause of Death and Predictors of All‐Cause Mortality in Anticoagulated Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: Data From ROCKET AF

  2016cited by this paper
• Dietary Nitrate, Nitric Oxide, and Cardiovascular Health

  2016influential reference
• Effect of acute nitrate ingestion on central hemodynamic load in hypoxia.

  2016influential reference
• Consumption of nitrate-containing vegetables is inversely associated with hypertension in adults: a prospective investigation from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

  2016cited by this paper
• Dietary nitrate improves age-related hypertension and metabolic abnormalities in rats via modulation of angiotensin II receptor signaling and inhibition of superoxide generation.

  2016cited by this paper
• The effect of prolonged dietary nitrate supplementation on atherosclerosis development.

  2016cited by this paper
• Guideline for the diagnosis and management of hypertension in adults — 2016

  2016cited by this paper
• Nitrate and nitrite content of vegetables, fruits, grains, legumes, dairy products, meats and processed meats

  2016cited by this paper
• High-nitrate vegetable diet increases plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations and reduces blood pressure in healthy women

  2015influential reference
• Dietary nitrate improves vascular function in patients with hypercholesterolemia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

  2015influential reference
• Dietary nitrate provides sustained blood pressure lowering in hypertensive patients: a randomized, phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

  2015influential reference
• Development and calibration of a dietary nitrate and nitrite database in the NIH–AARP Diet and Health Study

  2015cited by this paper
• Strategies to increase nitric oxide signalling in cardiovascular disease

  2015cited by this paper
• Acute Dietary Nitrate Intake Improves Muscle Contractile Function in Patients With Heart Failure: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Trial

  2015cited by this paper
• Dietary nitrate improves glucose tolerance and lipid profile in an animal model of hyperglycemia.

  2015cited by this paper
• Effects of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  2015cited by this paper
• Antibacterial mouthwash blunts oral nitrate reduction and increases blood pressure in treated hypertensive men and women.

  2015cited by this paper
• Ageing modifies the effects of beetroot juice supplementation on 24-hour blood pressure variability: An individual participant meta-analysis.

  2015cited by this paper
• Absence of an effect of high nitrate intake from beetroot juice on blood pressure in treated hypertensive individuals: a randomized controlled trial.

  2015influential reference
• Consumption of fruit and vegetable and risk of coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

  2015cited by this paper
• Interactions between cocoa flavanols and inorganic nitrate: additive effects on endothelial function at achievable dietary amounts.

  2015influential reference
• Dietary nitrate modulates cerebral blood flow parameters and cognitive performance in humans: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover investigation.

  2015cited by this paper
• Acute dietary nitrate supplementation improves arterial endothelial function at high altitude: A double-blinded randomized controlled cross over study.

  2015influential reference
• Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in clinical practice: a review.

  2015cited by this paper
• Short-term dietary nitrate supplementation augments cutaneous vasodilatation and reduces mean arterial pressure in healthy humans.

  2015influential reference
• Effects of handgrip exercise or inorganic nitrate supplementation on 24-h ambulatory blood pressure and peripheral arterial function in overweight and obese middle age and older adults: A pilot RCT.

  2015influential reference
• Associations Among Oral Hygiene Behavior and Hypertension Prevalence and Control: The 2008 to 2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

  2015cited by this paper
• Early Impact of a National Multi-Faceted Road Safety Intervention Program in Mexico: Results of a Time-Series Analysis

  2014cited by this paper
• Magnesium nitrate attenuates blood pressure rise in SHR rats.

  2014cited by this paper
• Vegetarian diets and blood pressure: a meta-analysis.

  2014cited by this paper
• Metagenomic Analysis of Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria in the Oral Cavity: Implications for Nitric Oxide Homeostasis

  2014influential reference
• Beetroot supplementation lowers daily systolic blood pressure in older, overweight subjects.

  2014influential reference
• Influence of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials.

  2014cited by this paper
• Aortic pulse wave velocity improves cardiovascular event prediction: an individual participant meta-analysis of prospective observational data from 17,635 subjects.

  2014cited by this paper
• Differential effect of beetroot bread on postprandial DBP according to Glu298Asp polymorphism in the eNOS gene: a pilot study

  2014influential reference
• Cross-talk Between Nitrate-Nitrite-NO and NO Synthase Pathways in Control of Vascular NO Homeostasis

  2014influential reference
• Two different approaches to restore renal nitric oxide and prevent hypertension in young spontaneously hypertensive rats: l-citrulline and nitrate.

  2014cited by this paper
• Short-term effects of nitrate-rich green leafy vegetables on blood pressure and arterial stiffness in individuals with high-normal blood pressure.

  2014influential reference
• Dietary nitrate reverses vascular dysfunction in older adults with moderately increased cardiovascular risk.

  2014influential reference
• Dietary nitrate facilitates an acetazolamide-induced increase in cerebral blood flow during visual stimulation.

  2014cited by this paper
• Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity Improves Cardiovascular Event Prediction An Individual Participant Meta-Analysis of Prospective Observational Data From 17,635 Subjects

  2014cited by this paper
• Comparing the effects of inorganic nitrate and allopurinol in renovascular complications of metabolic syndrome in rats: role of nitric oxide and uric acid

  2013cited by this paper
• Faculty of 1000 evaluation for Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet.

  2013cited by this paper
• Flow-mediated dilation and cardiovascular risk prediction: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

  2013cited by this paper
• Effects of a nitrate-rich meal on arterial stiffness and blood pressure in healthy volunteers.

  2013influential reference
• Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet.

  2013cited by this paper
• Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness against Hospitalisation with Confirmed Influenza in the 2010–11 Seasons: A Test-negative Observational Study

  2013cited by this paper
• Physiological role for nitrate-reducing oral bacteria in blood pressure control

  2013cited by this paper
• Inorganic nitrate and beetroot juice supplementation reduces blood pressure in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

  2013cited by this paper
• Effect of Blood Nitrite and Nitrate Levels on Murine Platelet Function

  2013cited by this paper
• Novel aspects of dietary nitrate and human health.

  2013influential reference
• Beetroot juice improves in overweight and slightly obese men postprandial endothelial function after consumption of a mixed meal.

  2013influential reference
• Role of platelets as mediators that link inflammation and thrombosis in atherosclerosis

  2013cited by this paper
• Effect of dietary nitrate on blood pressure, endothelial function, and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes.

  2013influential reference
• Antiplatelet effects of dietary nitrate in healthy volunteers: Involvement of cGMP and influence of sex

  2013cited by this paper
• Acute ingestion of beetroot bread increases endothelium-independent vasodilation and lowers diastolic blood pressure in healthy men: a randomized controlled trial.

  2013influential reference
• Association of Methylentetraydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) 677 C > T gene polymorphism and homocysteine levels in psoriasis vulgaris patients from Malaysia: a case-control study

  2012cited by this paper
• Inorganic nitrate ingestion improves vascular compliance but does not alter flow-mediated dilatation in healthy volunteers

  2012influential reference
• Letter by Tsikas regarding article, "dietary nitrate ameliorates pulmonary hypertension: cytoprotective role for endothelial nitric oxide synthase and xanthine oxidoreductase".

  2012cited by this paper
• Plasma nitrate and nitrite are increased by a high-nitrate supplement but not by high-nitrate foods in older adults.

  2012influential reference
• Flavonoid-rich apples and nitrate-rich spinach augment nitric oxide status and improve endothelial function in healthy men and women: a randomized controlled trial.

  2012influential reference
• Dietary Nitrate Supplementation Improves Revascularization in Chronic Ischemia

  2012cited by this paper
• Dietary Nitrate Ameliorates Pulmonary Hypertension: Cytoprotective Role for Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase and Xanthine Oxidoreductase

  2012cited by this paper
• Effect of beetroot juice on lowering blood pressure in free-living, disease-free adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

  2012cited by this paper
• Blood pressure-lowering effects of beetroot juice and novel beetroot-enriched bread products in normotensive male subjects

  2012influential reference
• Nitrate causes a dose-dependent augmentation of nitric oxide status in healthy women.

  2012cited by this paper
• Dietary inorganic nitrate mobilizes circulating angiogenic cells.

  2012cited by this paper
• Acute effect of a high nitrate diet on brain perfusion in older adults.

  2011cited by this paper
• Meta-analysis comparing Mediterranean to low-fat diets for modification of cardiovascular risk factors.

  2011cited by this paper
• Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association

  2011cited by this paper
• The role of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet food groups in blood pressure in type 2 diabetes

  2011cited by this paper
• The association between blood pressure in adolescents and the consumption of fruits, vegetables and fruit juice--an exploratory study.

  2011cited by this paper
• Dietary nitrate attenuates oxidative stress, prevents cardiac and renal injuries, and reduces blood pressure in salt-induced hypertension.

  2011cited by this paper
• Dietary nitrate in Japanese traditional foods lowers diastolic blood pressure in healthy volunteers.

  2010influential reference
• Prediction of future cardiovascular outcomes by flow-mediated vasodilatation of brachial artery: a meta-analysis

  2010cited by this paper
• Lifetime Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Arterial Pulse Wave Velocity in Adulthood: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study

  2010cited by this paper
• Arterial Stiffness and Cardiovascular Events: The Framingham Heart Study

  2010cited by this paper
• Prediction of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality with central haemodynamics: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

  2010cited by this paper
• Vascular nitric oxide: formation and function

  2010cited by this paper
• Inorganic Nitrate Supplementation Lowers Blood Pressure in Humans: Role for Nitrite-Derived NO

  2010influential reference

• Promotion of nitric oxide production: mechanisms, strategies, and possibilities

  2025cites this paper
• Dietary Nitrate Intake and 16S rRNA-Inferred Nitrite-Generating Capacity of the Subgingival Microbiome May Influence Glucose Metabolism: Results From the Oral Infections Glucose Intolerance and Insulin Resistance Study (ORIGINS).

  2025cites this paper
• Source‐specific nitrate intake and incident dementia in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health Study

  2025cites this paper
• Comprehensive metagenomic analysis of the giant panda’s oral microbiome reveals distinct taxonomic and functional characteristics

  2025cites this paper
• Nitrates and Nitrites in Vegetables and the Health Risk

  2025cites this paper
• SANA-Biome: A Protocol for a Cross-Sectional Study on Oral Health, Diet, and the Oral Microbiome in Romania

  2025cites this paper
• NO: a key player in microbiome dynamics and cancer pathogenesis

  2025cites this paper
• Metabolite Profiles in Response to Dietary Interventions for Management of Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review

  2025cites this paper
• Increased Nitrate Intake From Beetroot Juice Over 4 Weeks Changes the Composition of the Oral, But Not the Intestinal Microbiome

  2025influential citation
• Baseline habitual dietary nitrate intake and Alzheimer's Disease related neuroimaging biomarkers in the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle study of ageing

  2025cites this paper
• SPORCU PERFORMANSINI ARTIRAN GÜNCEL BESİN TAKVİYELERİ

  2025cites this paper
• Host Traits Impact the Outcome of Metagenomic Library Preparation From Dental Calculus Samples Across Diverse Mammals

  2025cites this paper
• L-Arginine and Nitric Oxide in Vascular Regulation—Experimental Findings in the Context of Blood Donation

  2025cites this paper
• The association between the oral microbiome and hypertension: a systematic review

  2025cites this paper
• Oral nitrate-reducing bacteria as potential probiotics for blood pressure homeostasis

  2024cites this paper
• Impact of Lifestyle Interventions on Heart Disease Prevention-Hypertension and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.

  2024cites this paper
• Impact of Mouthwash-Induced Oral Microbiome Disruption on Alzheimer's Disease Risk: A Perspective Review

  2024cites this paper
• A systematic framework for understanding the microbiome in human health and disease: from basic principles to clinical translation

  2024cites this paper
• Current clinical framework on nitric oxide role in periodontal disease and blood pressure

  2024cites this paper
• Plant but not animal sourced nitrate intake is associated with lower dementia-related mortality in the Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle Study

  2024cites this paper
• The association between dietary nitrate, nitrite and total antioxidant capacity with cardiometabolic risk factors: a cross-sectional study among patients with type 2 diabetes

  2024cites this paper
• Alterations in the Salivary Microbiome and Metabolism in Patients With Carotid Atherosclerosis from Rural Northeast China

  2024cites this paper
• Effects of increased nitrate intake from beetroot juice on blood markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in older adults with hypertension.

  2024cites this paper
• Effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on oral health and associated markers of systemic health: a systematic review

  2024influential citation
• A Holistic Approach for Ethics and Sustainability in the Food Chain: The Gateway to Oral and Systemic Health

  2024cites this paper
• Dietary nitrate intake and net nitrite-generating capacity of the oral microbiome interact to enhance cardiometabolic health: Results from the Oral Infections Glucose Intolerance and Insulin Resistance Study (ORIGINS)

  2024cites this paper
• Increased nitrate intake from beetroot juice over 4 weeks affects nitrate metabolism, but not vascular function or blood pressure in older adults with hypertension

  2024cites this paper
• Nitrate: The Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde of human health?

  2023cites this paper
• Les fruits et légumes « Biologiques » sont-ils de qualité supérieure et meilleurs pour notre santé ?

  2023cites this paper
• Unlocking Modifiable Risk Factors for Alzheimer’s Disease: Does the Oral Microbiome Hold Some of the Keys?

  2023cites this paper
• Oral Cavity is the Gateway to the Body: Role of Oral Health Professionals: A Narrative Review

  2023cites this paper
• Microencapsulated and Ready-to-Eat Beetroot Soup: A Stable and Attractive Formulation Enriched in Nitrate, Betalains and Minerals

  2023cites this paper
• A Critical Review on Vasoactive Nutrients for the Management of Endothelial Dysfunction and Arterial Stiffness in Individuals under Cardiovascular Risk

  2023influential citation
• Altered Oral Nitrate Reduction and Bacterial Profiles in Hypertensive Women Predict Blood Pressure Lowering Following Acute Dietary Nitrate Supplementation

  2023cites this paper
• The Acute Effects of Exercise Intensity and Inorganic Nitrate Supplementation on Vascular Health in Females Post-Menopause.

  2023cites this paper
• From nitrate to NO: potential effects of nitrate-reducing bacteria on systemic health and disease

  2023cites this paper
• The Effects of Antimicrobial Mouthwashes on Systemic Disease: What Is the Evidence?

  2023cites this paper
• Investigating the association between nitrate dosing and nitrite generation by the human oral microbiota in continuous culture

  2023influential citation
• Oral and fecal microbiome of confiscated Bengal slow lorises in response to confinement duration

  2022cites this paper
• The oral microbiome, nitric oxide and exercise performance.

  2022cites this paper
• Potential role of dietary nitrate in relation to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health, cognition, cognitive decline and dementia: a review.

  2022cites this paper
• Development of a Food Composition Database for Assessing Nitrate and Nitrite Intake from Animal‐based Foods

  2021cites this paper
• Dietary Nitrates, Nitrites, and Food Safety: Risks Versus Benefits

  2021cites this paper
• Impact of Cold Storage on Bioactive Compounds and Their Stability of 36 Organically Grown Beetroot Genotypes

  2021cites this paper
• Chronic nitrite treatment activates adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase-endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway in human aortic endothelial cells

  2021cites this paper
• A Narrative Review on Dietary Strategies to Provide Nitric Oxide as a Non-Drug Cardiovascular Disease Therapy: Beetroot Formulations—A Smart Nutritional Intervention

  2021cites this paper
• Vegetable nitrate intake, blood pressure and incident cardiovascular disease: Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study

  2021influential citation
• Dietary Nitrate Intake Is Positively Associated with Muscle Function in Men and Women Independent of Physical Activity Levels.

  2021cites this paper
• A Longitudinal Study of the Human Oropharynx Microbiota Over Time Reveals a Common Core and Significant Variations With Self-Reported Disease

  2021cites this paper
• Effects of Chewing Gum on Nitric Oxide Metabolism, Markers of Cardiovascular Health and Neurocognitive Performance after a Nitrate-Rich Meal.

  2021cites this paper
• Interplay Among the Oral Microbiome, Oral Cavity Conditions, the Host Immune Response, Diabetes Mellitus, and Its Associated-Risk Factors—An Overview

  2021cites this paper
• Dysbiosis of the Salivary Microbiome is Associated with Hypertension and Correlated with Metabolic Syndrome Biomarkers

  2021cites this paper
• Vegetables with High-Nitrate Content Significantly Increase Plasma Nitrate and Nitrite Concentrations but Do Not Significantly Reduce Systolic Blood Pressure in Young Healthy Men

  2020cites this paper
• The role of dietary nitrate and the oral microbiome on blood pressure and vascular tone

  2020cites this paper
• Association between Circulating Osteocalcin and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors following a 4-Week Leafy Green Vitamin K-Rich Diet

  2020cites this paper
• Beetroot, A Remarkable Vegetable: Its Nitrate and Phytochemical Contents Can be Adjusted in Novel Formulations to Benefit Health and Support Cardiovascular Disease Therapies

  2020cites this paper
• Lifestyle interventions for the prevention and treatment of hypertension

  2020cites this paper
• A randomised controlled crossover trial investigating the short-term effects of different types of vegetables on vascular and metabolic function in middle-aged and older adults with mildly elevated blood pressure: the VEgetableS for vaScular hEaLth (VESSEL) study protocol

  2020cites this paper
• A Single Dose of Beetroot Juice Does Not Change Blood Pressure Response Mediated by Acute Aerobic Exercise in Hypertensive Postmenopausal Women

  2019cites this paper
• Gasotransmitters in pregnancy: from conception to uterine involution†

  2019cites this paper
• Circulating markers of nitric oxide homeostasis and cardiometabolic diseases: insights from population-based studies

  2019cites this paper
• Profiling the Oral Microbiome and Plasma Biochemistry of Obese Hyperglycemic Subjects in Qatar

  2019cites this paper
• Impact of Red Beetroot Juice on Vascular Endothelial Function and Cardiometabolic Responses to a High-Fat Meal in Middle-Aged/Older Adults with Overweight and Obesity: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial

  2019cites this paper
• Knowledge and beliefs about dietary inorganic nitrate among UK-based nutrition professionals: development and application of the KINDS online questionnaire

  2019cites this paper
• Oral microbial biofilms: an update

  2019cites this paper
• Association of dietary nitrate intake with retinal microvascular structure in older adults

  2019cites this paper
• Effects of dietary nitrate on inflammation and immune function, and implications for cardiovascular health.

  2019cites this paper
• Mouthwash use and risk of diabetes

  2018cites this paper
• Let thy food be thy medicine….when possible

  2018cites this paper
• Relationship of dietary nitrate intake from vegetables with cardiovascular disease mortality: a prospective study in a cohort of older Australians

  2018cites this paper
• Association of Dietary Nitrate Intake with the 15-Year Incidence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

  2018cites this paper
• Reply to OM Shannon et al.

  2018cites this paper