Hidden entropy production and work fluctuations in an ideal active gas.

Collections of self-propelled particles that move persistently by continuously consuming free energy are a paradigmatic example of active matter. In these systems, unlike Brownian "hot colloids," the breakdown of detailed balance yields a continuous production of entropy at steady state, even for an ideal active gas. We quantify the irreversibility for a noninteracting active particle in two dimensions by treating both conjugated and time-reversed dynamics. By starting with underdamped dynamics, we identify a hidden rate of entropy production required to maintain persistence and prevent the rapidly relaxing momenta from thermalizing, even in the limit of very large friction. Additionally, comparing two popular models of self-propulsion with identical dissipation on average, we find that the fluctuations and large deviations in work done are markedly different, providing thermodynamic insight into the varying extents to which macroscopically similar active matter systems may depart from equilibrium.

• Publication year

  2018

• Venue

  Physical Review E

• Publication date

  2018-04-09

• Fields of study

  Medicine, Physics

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1103/PhysRevE.98.020604arXiv 1804.03099PMID 30253539
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Sedimentation

  2018cited by this paper
• Geometric view of stochastic thermodynamics for non-equilibrium steady states

  2017cited by this paper
• Entropy production of active particles and for particles in active baths

  2017influential reference
• Large Fluctuations and Dynamic Phase Transition in a System of Self-Propelled Particles.

  2017cited by this paper
• Active matter

  2017cited by this paper
• Clausius Relation for Active Particles: What Can We Learn from Fluctuations

  2017cited by this paper
• Entropy Production and Fluctuation Theorems for Active Matter.

  2017cited by this paper
• Phase separation and large deviations of lattice active matter.

  2017cited by this paper
• Stochastic thermodynamics with reservoirs: Sheared and active colloidal particles

  2017cited by this paper
• Generic Properties of Stochastic Entropy Production.

  2017cited by this paper
• Heat, temperature and Clausius inequality in a model for active Brownian particles

  2016cited by this paper
• Stochastic thermodynamics for active matter

  2016cited by this paper
• Spatiotemporal order and emergent edge currents in active spinner materials

  2016cited by this paper
• How Far from Equilibrium Is Active Matter?

  2016cited by this paper
• Broken detailed balance at mesoscopic scales in active biological systems

  2016cited by this paper
• Entropy production in field theories without time reversal symmetry: Quantifying the non-equilibrium character of active matter

  2016cited by this paper
• Non-Boltzmann stationary distributions and nonequilibrium relations in active baths.

  2016cited by this paper
• Thermodynamic uncertainty relation for biomolecular processes.

  2015cited by this paper
• Anisotropic isometric fluctuation relations in experiment and theory on a self-propelled rod.

  2015cited by this paper
• Nonequilibrium dissipation in living oocytes

  2015cited by this paper
• Effective interactions in active Brownian suspensions.

  2015cited by this paper
• Dissipation Bounds All Steady-State Current Fluctuations.

  2015cited by this paper
• Hidden entropy production by fast variables.

  2015cited by this paper
• Active Brownian particles: entropy production and fluctuation response.

  2014cited by this paper
• Nonequilibrium equation of state in suspensions of active colloids

  2014cited by this paper
• Motility-Induced Phase Separation

  2014cited by this paper
• Self-propelled particle in an external potential: existence of an effective temperature.

  2014cited by this paper
• Generalized energy equipartition in harmonic oscillators driven by active baths.

  2014cited by this paper
• Hydrodynamics of soft active matter

  2013cited by this paper
• Stochastic thermodynamics of active Brownian particles.

  2013cited by this paper
• Stochastic thermodynamics, fluctuation theorems and molecular machines

  2012cited by this paper
• Diffusive transport without detailed balance in motile bacteria: does microbiology need statistical physics?

  2012cited by this paper
• Athermal phase separation of self-propelled particles with no alignment.

  2012cited by this paper
• Fluctuation theorem for hidden entropy production.

  2012cited by this paper
• Anomalous thermodynamics at the microscale.

  2012cited by this paper
• Stochastic thermodynamics under coarse graining.

  2011cited by this paper
• Symmetry properties of the large-deviation function of the velocity of a self-propelled polar particle.

  2010cited by this paper
• Sedimentation and effective temperature of active colloidal suspensions.

  2010cited by this paper
• The Mechanics and Statistics of Active Matter

  2010cited by this paper
• Nonequilibrium statistical mechanics of self-propelled hard rods

  2010cited by this paper
• Sedimentation, trapping, and rectification of dilute bacteria

  2009cited by this paper
• Statistical mechanics of interacting run-and-tumble bacteria.

  2008cited by this paper
• Self-motile colloidal particles: from directed propulsion to random walk.

  2007cited by this paper
• Role of external flow and frame invariance in stochastic thermodynamics.

  2007cited by this paper
• Effective temperature of active matter.

  2007cited by this paper
• Chemical locomotion.

  2006cited by this paper
• Entropy production along a stochastic trajectory and an integral fluctuation theorem.

  2005cited by this paper
• Membranes with rotating motors.

  2003cited by this paper
• Langevin Equation and Thermodynamics

  1998cited by this paper
• A Gallavotti–Cohen-Type Symmetry in the Large Deviation Functional for Stochastic Dynamics

  1998influential reference
• Theory of continuum random walks and application to chemotaxis.

  1993cited by this paper
• The fluctuation-dissipation theorem

  1966cited by this paper
• Fluctuations and Irreversible Processes

  1953cited by this paper
• On Information and Sufficiency

  1951cited by this paper

• Entropy production in non-reciprocal polar active mixtures

  2025cites this paper
• A variational formulation of stochastic thermodynamics. Part I: Finite-dimensional systems

  2025cites this paper
• Morphology, Polarization Patterns, Compression, and Entropy Production in Phase-Separating Active Dumbbell Systems

  2025cites this paper
• Inertial and confined dynamics of a constant-speed active particle in three dimensions.

  2025cites this paper
• Exceptions to the Ratchet Principle in active and passive stochastic dynamics

  2025cites this paper
• Active Gaussian network model: a non-equilibrium description of protein fluctuations and allosteric behavior

  2025cites this paper
• Local entropy production rate of run-and-tumble particles.

  2025cites this paper
• What exactly is'active matter'?

  2025cites this paper
• Thermodynamic uncertainty relation for systems with active Ornstein–Uhlenbeck particles

  2024cites this paper
• Power dissipation and entropy production rate of high-dimensional optical matter systems.

  2024cites this paper
• Entropy of state transitions in macroscopic active matter

  2024cites this paper
• Fluctuation Dissipation Relations for Active Field Theories

  2024cites this paper
• Role of kinematic constraints in the time reversal symmetry breaking of a model active matter

  2024cites this paper
• Effects of kinetic energy on heat fluctuations of passive and active overdamped driven particles.

  2024cites this paper
• Statistical mechanics of passive Brownian particles in a fluctuating harmonic trap.

  2024cites this paper
• Efficiency of an autonomous, dynamic information engine operating on a single active particle.

  2024cites this paper
• Collective motion of energy depot active disks.

  2024cites this paper
• Hydrodynamically Consistent Many-Body Harada-Sasa Relation.

  2024cites this paper
• Entropy Production of Run-and-Tumble Particles

  2024cites this paper
• Exact moments for trapped active particles: inertial impact on steady-state properties and re-entrance

  2024cites this paper
• Dynamical and thermodynamical origins of motility-induced phase separation

  2024cites this paper
• How boundary interactions dominate emergent driving of inertial passive probes in active matter

  2024cites this paper
• On the efficiency of an autonomous dynamic Szilard engine operating on a single active particle

  2024cites this paper
• Thermodynamics of Active Matter: Tracking Dissipation across Scales

  2024cites this paper
• Revisiting the Ratchet Principle: When Hidden Symmetries Prevent Steady Currents

  2024cites this paper
• Dynamics of active particles with translational and rotational inertia

  2023cites this paper
• Entropy production and thermodynamic inference for stochastic microswimmers

  2023cites this paper
• Force renormalization for probes immersed in an active bath.

  2023cites this paper
• Exact moments and re-entrant transitions in the inertial dynamics of active Brownian particles

  2023cites this paper
• Unified hierarchical relationship between thermodynamic tradeoff relations.

  2023cites this paper
• Deep learning probability flows and entropy production rates in active matter

  2023cites this paper
• Thermodynamic nature of irreversibility in active matter

  2023cites this paper
• Entropy production and collective excitations of crystals out of equilibrium: The concept of entropons.

  2023cites this paper
• Thermodynamically consistent model of an active Ornstein–Uhlenbeck particle

  2023cites this paper
• Inertial and geometrical effects of self-propelled elliptical Brownian particles.

  2023cites this paper
• Towards Stirling engine using an optically confined particle subjected to asymmetric temperature profile

  2023cites this paper
• Most probable paths for active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particles.

  2023cites this paper
• Detecting and characterizing phase transitions in active matter using entropy.

  2023cites this paper
• Irreversible Mesoscale Fluctuations Herald the Emergence of Dynamical Phases.

  2023cites this paper
• Entropy production in active Rouse polymers

  2023cites this paper
• Effects of the self-propulsion parity on the efficiency of a fuel-consuming active heat engine.

  2023cites this paper
• Minimum entropy production by microswimmers with internal dissipation

  2023cites this paper
• Resolving contributions in

  2022cites this paper
• Efficiency of isothermal active matter engines: Strong driving beats weak driving.

  2022cites this paper
• Entropy production of active particles in underdamped regime

  2022influential citation
• Most probable path of active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particles.

  2022cites this paper
• Single active particle in a harmonic potential: Question about the existence of the Jarzynski relation.

  2022cites this paper
• Improving estimation of entropy production rate for run-and-tumble particle systems by high-order thermodynamic uncertainty relation.

  2022cites this paper
• Entropons as collective excitations in active solids.

  2022cites this paper
• Fluctuations of entropy production of a run-and-tumble particle.

  2022cites this paper
• Entropy production of active particles formulated for underdamped dynamics.

  2022influential citation
• Active Refrigerators Powered by Inertia.

  2022cites this paper
• Entropy production and its large deviations in an active lattice gas

  2022cites this paper
• Passive probe particle in an active bath: can we tell it is out of equilibrium?

  2022cites this paper
• Designing, Synthesizing and Modeling Active Fluids

  2022cites this paper
• Role of rotational inertia for collective phenomena in active matter.

  2022cites this paper
• Signatures of irreversibility in microscopic models of flocking.

  2022cites this paper
• Inertial particle under active fluctuations: Diffusion and work distributions.

  2022cites this paper
• Intuitive view of entropy production of ideal run-and-tumble particles.

  2022cites this paper
• Experimental investigation of active noise on a rotor in an active granular bath.

  2022cites this paper
• Second Law for Active Heat Engines

  2021cites this paper
• Generalized fluctuation–dissipation relations holding in non-equilibrium dynamics

  2021cites this paper
• Phase Transitions of Oppositely Charged Colloidal Particles Driven by Alternating Current Electric Field

  2021cites this paper
• Work fluctuations in the active Ornstein–Uhlenbeck particle model

  2021cites this paper
• Time irreversibility in active matter, from micro to macro

  2021cites this paper
• Inertia-induced nucleation-like motility-induced phase separation

  2021cites this paper
• Physical bioenergetics: Energy fluxes, budgets, and constraints in cells

  2021cites this paper
• Designing circle swimmers: Principles and strategies.

  2021cites this paper
• Tuning nonequilibrium phase transitions with inertia.

  2021cites this paper
• Generalized run-and-tumble model in 1D geometry for an arbitrary distribution of drift velocities

  2021cites this paper
• Nonequilibrium fluctuations and nonlinear response of an active bath

  2021cites this paper
• Entropy, Information and Energy Flows

  2021cites this paper
• Fluctuating hydrodynamics of chiral active fluids

  2021cites this paper
• Estimating entropy production in a stochastic system with odd-parity variables

  2021cites this paper
• Model-Free Measurement of Local Entropy Production and Extractable Work in Active Matter.

  2021cites this paper
• Stochastic Thermodynamics

  2021cites this paper
• Irreversibility in Active Matter: General Framework for Active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Particles

  2020cites this paper
• Thermodynamic uncertainty relations constrain non-equilibrium fluctuations

  2020cites this paper
• Thermodynamics of Active Field Theories: Energetic Cost of Coupling to Reservoirs

  2020influential citation
• Irreversibility, heat and information flows induced by non-reciprocal interactions

  2020influential citation
• Correlation functions of non-Markovian systems out of equilibrium: analytical expressions beyond single-exponential memory

  2020influential citation
• Inertial self-propelled particles.

  2020cites this paper
• Steady state entropy production rate for scalar Langevin field theories

  2020cites this paper
• Collective motion in large deviations of active particles.

  2020cites this paper
• Statistical mechanics of active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particles.

  2020cites this paper
• Optimizing energetic cost of uncertainty in a driven system with and without feedback.

  2020cites this paper
• Entropy production of an active particle in a box.

  2020cites this paper
• Time-reversal symmetry violations and entropy production in field theories of polar active matter

  2020cites this paper
• Thermodynamic implications of non-reciprocity

  2020influential citation
• Target Search of Active Agents Crossing High Energy Barriers.

  2020cites this paper
• Entropy production fluctuations encode collective behavior in active matter.

  2020cites this paper
• Active noise experienced by a passive particle trapped in an active bath.

  2020cites this paper
• Active matter: Quantifying the departure from equilibrium.

  2020influential citation
• Non-Markovian data-driven modeling of single-cell motility.

  2020cites this paper
• Quantifying the non-equilibrium activity of an active colloid.

  2020cites this paper
• How irreversible are steady-state trajectories of a trapped active particle?

  2020cites this paper
• Approach to equilibrium and nonequilibrium stationary distributions of interacting many-particle systems that are coupled to different heat baths.

  2020cites this paper
• Collective forces in scalar active matter.

  2020cites this paper
• Thermodynamic cycles with active matter.

  2020cites this paper
• Active Brownian heat engines

  2020cites this paper