Proximate composition and overwintering strategies of Antarctic micronektonic Crustacea

Proximate (protein, lipid, carbohydrate and chitin) and elemental (carbon and nitrogen) composition were determined for 18 species of Antarctic micronektonic Crustacea, representing the majority of species found in the Antarctic water column. Individuals used in the analyses were captured during fall and winter; for 8 species data were collected in both seasons. Seven of the 8 species showed some evidence that combustion of body stores were an aid to surviving the winter months; comparison with data from other investigators suggests that most of the species inhabiting shallow and mid-depths exhibit some degree of combustion of body stores during winter. Three types of overwintering stratey e s are proposed for Antarctic zooplankton and micronekton. Type 1, exhibited by some calanoid copepods, is characterized by accumulation of large lipid deposits and a true dormancy, or diapause, during winter. Type 2, exhibited by euphausiids and hyperiid amphipods, is characterized by a marked reduction in metabolic rate, combustion of body substance, opportunistic feeding, but no true dormancy. Type 3, 'business as usual' is exhibited by decapods and gammarid amphipods; it is characterized by an absence of a winter reduction in metabolic rate, combustion of body stores in some species but a lack of combustion or accumulation of energy in others, and opportunistic feeding. Overwintering scenarios computed for Euphausia superba suggest that the impact of the winter season is most severe in the smaller size classes.

• Publication year

  1995

• Venue

  Oceanographic Literature Review

• Publication date

  1995-05-01

• Fields of study

  Biology, Environmental Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.3354/MEPS113221
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Metabolism of Antarctic micronektonic Crustacea as a function of depth of occurrence and season

  1995cited by this paper
• Community structure and trophic ecology of zooplankton in the Scotia Sea marginal ice zone in winter (1988)

  1993cited by this paper
• Behavioral and Physiological Characteristics of the Antarctic Krill, Euphausia superba

  1991influential reference
• Proximate composition of Antarctic mesopelagic fishes

  1990cited by this paper
• Midwater food web in the vicinity of a marginal ice zone in the western Weddell Sea

  1989cited by this paper
• Revised life history analysis for large grazing copepods in the subarctic Pacific Ocean

  1988cited by this paper
• Zur Bedeutung der Lipide im antarktischen Zooplankton = On the significance of lipids in Antarctic zooplankton

  1988cited by this paper
• Lipid content and composition of some midwater crustaceans from the Southern Ocean

  1986cited by this paper
• Food web of an Antarctic midwater ecosystem

  1985cited by this paper
• Body shrinkage as a possible over-wintering mechanism of the Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba Dana

  1982cited by this paper
• The biochemical composition of krill, Euphausia superba Dana, from South Georgia

  1980cited by this paper
• 6 – Physiological Energetics

  1979influential reference
• The associations of Amphipoda Hyperiidea with gelatinous zooplankton—I. Associations with Salpidae

  1977cited by this paper
• Analytical chemical studies on amino sugars. II. Determination of hexosamines using 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolone hydrazone hydrochloride.

  1969cited by this paper

• Mercury concentration in Antarctic krill varies in time and space and with individual size

  2025cites this paper
• Prey targeted by lactating Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) in Erebus Bay, Antarctica

  2024influential citation
• Two hundred years of zooplankton vertical migration research

  2021cites this paper
• Winter and summer biogeography of macrozooplankton community structure in the northern Antarctic Peninsula ecosystem

  2021cites this paper
• Hydrodynamics drive pelagic communities and food web structure in a tidal environment

  2020cites this paper
• Metabolic and physiological responses of a coastal fish in highly and lightly impacted habitats

  2020cites this paper
• Zooplankton in the Polar Night

  2020cites this paper
• Comparison of condition metrics and lipid content between Euphausia pacifica and Thysanoessa spinifera in the northern California Current, USA

  2020cites this paper
• Seasonal variation in biochemical and energy content of size-fractionated zooplankton in the Bay of Marseille (North-Western Mediterranean Sea)

  2019cites this paper
• Biochemical composition and energy content of size-fractionated zooplankton east of the Kerguelen Islands

  2019cites this paper
• Review: the energetic value of zooplankton and nekton species of the Southern Ocean

  2018cites this paper
• Dependency of Antarctic zooplankton species on ice algae‐produced carbon suggests a sea ice‐driven pelagic ecosystem during winter

  2018cites this paper
• Energetics of the Antarctic Silverfish, Pleuragramma antarctica, from the Western Antarctic Peninsula

  2017cites this paper
• Long-term variability in the diet and reproductive performance of penguins at Bird Island, South Georgia

  2017cites this paper
• Long-term variability in the diet and reproductive performance of penguins at Bird Island, South Georgia

  2017cites this paper
• Increasing temperature may shift availability of euphausiid prey in the Southern Ocean

  2017cites this paper
• Trophodynamics of euphausiids in the Amundsen Sea during the austral summer by fatty acid and stable isotopic signatures

  2016cites this paper
• Modelling the population dynamics of Antarctic krill : the timing of reproduction and the impact of climate change

  2016cites this paper
• Feeding and Food Processing in Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba Dana)

  2016cites this paper
• Biology and Ecology of Antarctic Krill

  2016cites this paper
• Swarming and Behaviour in Antarctic Krill

  2016cites this paper
• Acoustic insights into the zooplankton dynamics of the eastern Weddell Sea

  2016cites this paper
• Physiology of Euphausia superba

  2016cites this paper
• The other krill: overwintering physiology of adult Thysanoessa inermis (Euphausiacea) from the high-Arctic Kongsfjord

  2015influential citation
• Metabolism of gymnosomatous pteropods in waters of the western Antarctic Peninsula shelf during austral fall

  2015cites this paper
• Prey-field use by a Southern Ocean top predator: enhanced understanding using integrated datasets

  2015cites this paper
• Physiological response of adult Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, to long-term starvation

  2015cites this paper
• Winter Vertical Distributions of Antarctic Krill as Seen Through a New Stereo Camera System

  2015cites this paper
• Arctic pelagic amphipods: lipid dynamics and life strategy

  2015cites this paper
• Seasonal distribution and life history of Thysanoessa macrura (Euphausiacea, Crustacea) in high latitude waters of the Lazarev Sea, Antarctica

  2014cites this paper
• The Better To Eat You With: The Comparative Feeding Morphology And Evolution Of Feeding Strategies In Phocid Seals (Pinnipedia, Phocidae)

  2014cites this paper
• A metabolic approach to dormancy in pelagic copepods helps explaining inter- and intra-specific variability in life-history strategies

  2014influential citation
• Feeding and overwintering of Antarctic krill across its major habitats: The role of sea ice cover, water depth, and phytoplankton abundance

  2014cites this paper
• Regional differences in quality of krill and fish as prey along the Western Antarctic Peninsula

  2014cites this paper
• Epigean and hypogean Palaemonetes sp. (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) from Edwards Aquifer: An examination of trophic structure and metabolism

  2014cites this paper
• Nutritional composition of potential zooplankton prey of spiny lobster larvae: a review

  2014cites this paper
• Understanding Nutritional Requirements of Spiny Lobster Larvae

  2013cites this paper
• Metabolism and chemical composition of marine pelagic amphipods: synthesis toward a global bathymetric model

  2013influential citation
• Jellyfish Body Plans Provide Allometric Advantages beyond Low Carbon Content

  2013cites this paper
• Long-Term Effect of Photoperiod, Temperature and Feeding Regimes on the Respiration Rates of Antarctic Krill ( Euphausia superba )

  2013cites this paper
• Investigations for utilizing pteropods as bioindicators of environmental change along the western Antarctic Peninsula

  2013cites this paper
• Biochemical Aspects of the Thermal Sensitivity and Energy Balance of Polar, Tropical and Subtropical Teleosts

  2013cites this paper
• The Association of Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba with the Under-Ice Habitat

  2012cites this paper
• Austral fall! winter transition of mesozooplankton assemblages and krill aggregations in an embayment west of the Antarctic Peninsula

  2012cites this paper
• Diet variability and reproductive performance of macaroni penguins Eudyptes chrysolophus at Bird Island, South Georgia

  2012cites this paper
• When season does not matter: summer and winter trophic ecology of Arctic amphipods

  2012cites this paper
• Spatial variability in growth and prey availability of lobsters in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands

  2012cites this paper
• Seasonal and spatial influences on gene expression in Antarctic krill Euphausia superba

  2012cites this paper
• Winter studies on zooplankton in Arctic seas: the Storfjord (Svalbard) and adjacent ice-covered Barents Sea

  2011cites this paper
• The US Southern Ocean Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics Program

  2011cites this paper
• The overwintering of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, from an ecophysiological perspective

  2011influential citation
• The seasonal cycle of the Lazarev Sea macrozooplankton community and a potential shift to top down trophic control in winter

  2011cites this paper
• Food utilization of two pelagic crustaceans in the Greenland Sea: Meganyctiphanes norvegica (Euphausiacea) and Hymenodora glacialis (Decapoda, Caridea)

  2010cites this paper
• Seasonal variation in body composition, metabolic activity, feeding, and growth of adult krill Euphausia superba in the Lazarev Sea

  2010cites this paper
• Temperature effects on the growth and maturation of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba)

  2010cites this paper
• Environmental influences on reproduction in Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba

  2009cites this paper
• Physiology, growth, and development of larval krill Euphausia superba in autumn and winter in the Lazarev Sea, Antarctica

  2009cites this paper
• Effect of short-term starvation of adult Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, at the onset of summer

  2009cites this paper
• Distribution, abundance and ecological relevance of pelagic fishes in the Lazarev Sea, Southern Ocean

  2008cites this paper
• Melatonin and its possible role in mediating seasonal metabolic changes of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba.

  2008cites this paper
• Influence of seasonal light conditions on the physiology of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba - implications for over-winter biology and maturity development -

  2007influential citation
• Simulated light regimes affect feeding and metabolism of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba

  2007cites this paper
• Impact of feeding and starvation on the lipid metabolism of the Arctic pteropod Clione limacina

  2006cites this paper
• Crustacea in Arctic and Antarctic sea ice: distribution, diet and life history strategies.

  2006cites this paper
• Energy Content of Antarctic Mesopelagic Fishes: Implications for the Marine Food Web

  2006cites this paper
• Lipids as trophic markers in Antarctic krill. II. Lipid composition of the body and digestive gland of Euphausia superba in controlled conditions

  2005cites this paper
• Mackerel icefish size and age differences and long-term change at South Georgia and Shag Rocks

  2005cites this paper
• Condition of Euphausia crystallorophias off East Antarctica in winter in comparison to other seasons

  2004cites this paper
• Growth rates of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba: Comparison of the instantaneous growth rate method with nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry

  2004cites this paper
• Metabolism of Antarctic micronektonic crustacea across a summer ice-edge bloom: respiration, composition, and enzymatic activity

  2004cites this paper
• Daily rations and growth of larval krill Euphausia superba in the Eastern Bellingshausen Sea during austral autumn

  2004cites this paper
• Lipid biochemistry of Antarctic euphausiids - energetic adaptations and a critical appraisal of trophic biomarkers

  2004influential citation
• The effects of seasonal change on copepods and Euphausiids off the Western Antarctic Peninsula: Results from biochemical assays and respiration studies

  2004influential citation
• Daily rations and growth of larval krill Euphausia superba in the Eastern Bellingshausen Sea during austral autumn

  2004cites this paper
• In situ growth and mortality of mesozooplankton during the austral fall and winter in Marguerite Bay and its vicinity

  2004cites this paper
• Does Antarctic Krill Employ Body Shrinkage as an Overwintering Strategy

  2004cites this paper
• Lipids as markers of nutritional condition and diet in the Antarctic krill Euphausia superba and Euphausia crystallorophias during austral winter

  2004cites this paper
• Overwintering growth and development of larval Euphausia superba: an interannual comparison under varying environmental conditions west of the Antarctic Peninsula

  2004cites this paper
• Seasonal variation in the biochemical composition of the chaetognath Parasagitta elegans from the hyperbenthic zone of Conception Bay, Newfoundland

  2003cites this paper
• Metabolism and chemical composition of four pelagic amphipods in the Oyashio region, western subarctic Pacific Ocean

  2003cites this paper
• Feeding and energy budgets of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba at the onset of winter—I. Furcilia III larvae

  2002cites this paper
• Feeding and energy budgets of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba at the onset of winter—II. Juveniles and adults

  2002cites this paper
• U.S. Southern Ocean Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics Program SPECIAL ISSUE - U.S. GLOBEC

  2002cites this paper
• Lipid biomarkers indicate different ecological niches and trophic relationships of the Arctic hyperiid amphipods Themisto abyssorum and T.libellula

  2002cites this paper
• Salp/krill interactions in the Southern Ocean:spatial segregation and implications for the carbon flux

  2002cites this paper
• Salp/krill interactions in the Southern Ocean: spatial segregation and implications for the carbon flux

  2002cites this paper
• Seasonal adaptations and the role of lipids in oceanic zooplankton.

  2001cites this paper
• Effects of the ice-edge bloom and season on the metabolism of copepods in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica

  2001cites this paper
• The deep-sea copepod fauna of the Southern Ocean: patterns and processes

  2001influential citation
• Modeling the growth dynamics of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba

  2000cites this paper
• Overwintering strategies of Antarctic organisms

  2000cites this paper
• Krill (Euphausiacea) life history and aspects of population dynamics

  2000cites this paper
• Lipids of Antarctic salps and their commensal hyperiid amphipods

  2000cites this paper
• Fatty acid content of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba at South Georgia related to regional populations and variations in diet

  1999cites this paper
• Feeding dynamics and respiration of the bottom-dwelling caridean shrimp Nauticaris marionis Bate, 1888 (Crustacea: Decapoda) in the vicinity of Marion Island (Southern Ocean)

  1999influential citation
• Life at stable low oxygen levels: adaptations of animals to oceanic oxygen minimum layers.

  1998cites this paper
• Lipid metabolism of the Antarctic euphausiid Thysanmssa macrura and its ecological implications

  1998cites this paper
• Trophodynamics of the hyperiid amphipod Themisto gaudichaudi in the South Georgia region during late austral summer

  1996influential citation
• Population densities, growth, and respiration of the chaetognath Parasagitta elegans in the Canadian high Arctic

  1996cites this paper
• Metabolism of Antarctic micronektonic Crustacea as a function of depth of occurrence and season

  1995cites this paper