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Field Pea Response to Seeding Rate, Depth, and Inoculant in West‐Central Nebraska

Strahinja V. Stepanovic,C. Burr,J. Peterson,D. Rudnick,C. Creech,R. Werle

Published 2018 in Agronomy Journal

ABSTRACT

Agronomy Journa l • Volume 110 , I s sue 4 • 2018 Grain-type field pea (Pisum sativum L.), also known as dry pea, is a cool-season (spring-planted) legume crop that may be grown as an alternative to summer fallow in semiarid regions of the Central Great Plains. Replacing fallow with field pea in traditional wheat–fallow or wheat–corn–fallow cropping systems may provide the following rotational benefits: (i) lower selection pressure for herbicide-resistant weeds through diversified crop rotation and inclusion of different herbicide modes of action (Norsworthy et al., 2012); (ii) increased diversity and abundance of beneficial insects and microorganisms (Altieri, 1999); (iii) reduced need for nitrogen (N) fertilizer, with an average addition of 10 to 24 kg N ha–1 via fixation for the subsequent crop (Beckie and Brandt, 1997); (iv) increased soil organic carbon and soil microbial activity (Lupwayi et al., 2012); (v) increased precipitation storage efficiency and additional crop residue after harvest (Nielsen and Vigil, 2010); and (6) lower economic risk of farming and maintaining or even increasing profit levels (Miller et al., 2015). In addition, field pea is easy to implement because it requires minimal modification to rotations or farm equipment necessary for planting and harvest. However, field pea uses soil water and may potentially reduce the yield of the succeeding winter wheat crop, particularly in waterlimited environments where off-season precipitation is not sufficient to replenish the soil profile (Nielsen et al., 2016). Nielsen et al. (2016) found an average reduction of 10% in wheat yield following a cover crop compared with wheat following fallow, with greater yield reduction in drier years. Unlike cover crops or fallow, field pea may be harvested and sold for grain, generating an economic return. Therefore, grain-type field pea may be a better replacement option to summer fallow than cover crops. From 2011 to 2017, planted field pea acreage in the United States increased from 150,000 to 450,000 ha nationwide and from 4000 to approximately 23,000 ha in Nebraska alone (NASS, 2017). Increased adoption of field pea in the Central Great Plains may be attributed to the growing market demand, the seldom limited supply from major field pea growing regions (Canada, Northern Great Plains, and Pacific North West), and Field Pea Response to Seeding Rate, Depth, and Inoculant in West-Central Nebraska

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