Correlation between structure and mass distribution of the nuclear pore complex and of distinct pore complex components

Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) prepared from Xenopus laevis oocyte nuclear envelopes were studied in "intact" form (i.e., unexposed to detergent) and after detergent treatment by a combination of conventional transmission electron microscopy (CTEM) and quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). In correlation- averaged CTEM pictures of negatively stained intact NPCs and of distinct NPC components (i.e., "rings," "spoke" complexes, and "plug- spoke" complexes), several fine structural features arranged with octagonal symmetry about a central axis could reproducibly be identified. STEM micrographs of unstained/freeze-dried intact NPCs as well as of their components yielded comparable but less distinct features. Mass determination by STEM revealed the following molecular masses: intact NPC with plug, 124 +/- 11 MD; intact NPC without plug, 112 +/- 11 MD; heavy ring, 32 +/- 5 MD; light ring, 21 +/- 4 MD; plug- spoke complex, 66 +/- 8 MD; and spoke complex, 52 +/- 3 MD. Based on these combined CTEM and STEM data, a three-dimensional model of the NPC exhibiting eightfold centrosymmetry about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the nuclear envelope but asymmetric along this axis is proposed. This structural polarity of the NPC across the nuclear envelope is in accord with its well-documented functional polarity facilitating mediated nucleocytoplasmic exchange of molecules and particles.

• Publication year

  1990

• Venue

  Journal of Cell Biology

• Publication date

  1990-04-01

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine, Materials Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1083/JCB.110.4.883PMID 2324201PMCID 2116066
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Interactions and structure of the nuclear pore complex revealed by cryo- electron microscopy

  1989influential reference
• Protein import through the nuclear pore complex is a multistep process

  1989influential reference
• The pore complex in nucleocytoplasmic exchange.

  1988cited by this paper
• Processing of quantitative scanning transmission electron micrographs.

  1988cited by this paper
• Translocation of RNA-coated gold particles through the nuclear pores of oocytes

  1988cited by this paper
• Quantitative electron energy loss spectroscopy in biology.

  1988cited by this paper
• The function of the nuclear envelope in nuclear protein accumulation

  1988cited by this paper
• The nuclear envelope and the organization of the pore complexes.

  1988cited by this paper
• Functional organization of the nuclear envelope.

  1988influential reference
• The structure and interactions of components of nuclear envelopes from Xenopus oocyte germinal vesicles observed by heavy metal shadowing

  1988cited by this paper
• The nucleus: structure, function, and dynamics.

  1987cited by this paper
• Protein import into the cell nucleus.

  1986cited by this paper
• A Structural Model for the Nuclear Pore Complex

  1986cited by this paper
• Nuclear lamina and organization of nuclear architecture

  1986cited by this paper
• The nuclear lamina is a meshwork of intermediate-type filaments

  1986influential reference
• Correlation of surface topography of metal-shadowed specimens with their negatively stained reconstructions.

  1985cited by this paper
• Gene gating: a hypothesis.

  1985cited by this paper
• Monte Carlo calculations of elastic and inelastic electron scattering in biological and plastic materials

  1984cited by this paper
• Movement of a karyophilic protein through the nuclear pores of oocytes

  1984cited by this paper
• Scanning Electron Microscopy

  1984cited by this paper
• The structure of the Ca2+ ATPase as revealed by electron microscopy and image processing of ordered arrays.

  1983cited by this paper
• A large particle associated with the perimeter of the nuclear pore complex

  1982cited by this paper
• Mass mapping of a protein complex with the scanning transmission electron microscope.

  1982cited by this paper
• A polypeptide domain that specifies migration of nucleoplasmin into the nucleus.

  1982cited by this paper
• The nuclear envelope and the architecture of the nuclear periphery

  1981cited by this paper
• Digital acquisition and processing of electron micrographs using a scanning transmission electron microscope

  1981cited by this paper
• Preparation of unstained protein structures for mass determination by electron scattering.

  1980cited by this paper
• The major polypeptides of the nuclear pore complex.

  1978cited by this paper
• Molecular weight determination by scanning transmission electron microscopy.

  1978influential reference
• The biochemistry and ultrastructure of the nuclear envelope.

  1978cited by this paper
• Intracellular migration of nuclear proteins in Xenopus oocytes

  1978cited by this paper
• Three-dimensional model of membrane-bound ribosomes obtained by electron microscopy

  1977cited by this paper
• The nuclear and the cytoplasmic pore complex: structure, dynamics, distribution, and evolution.

  1977influential reference
• The nuclear envelope in mammalian cells

  1977cited by this paper
• A modified procedure for the isolation of a pore complex-lamina fraction from rat liver nuclei

  1976cited by this paper
• Protein migration into nuclei. I. Frog oocyte nuclei in vivo accumulate microinjected histones, allow entry to small proteins, and exclude large proteins

  1975cited by this paper
• Nuclear envelope permeability

  1975cited by this paper
• Protein migration into nuclei. II. Frog oocyte nuclei accumulate a class of microinjected oocyte nuclear proteins and exclude a class of microinjected oocyte cytoplasmic proteins

  1975cited by this paper
• The uptake of endogenous proteins by oocyte nuclei.

  1975cited by this paper
• Some electron microscopic studies on intact nuclear 'ghosts' and nuclear membrane fragments.

  1974cited by this paper
• Structure, biochemistry, and functions of the nuclear envelope.

  1974influential reference
• Structure of the nuclear pore complex in mammalian cells. Two annular components.

  1974cited by this paper
• The Nuclear Envelope in Freeze-Etching

  1971cited by this paper
• THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE NUCLEAR ENVELOPE OF AMPHIBIAN OOCYTES: A REINVESTIGATION

  1970cited by this paper
• The ultrastructure of the nuclear envelope of amphibian oocytes: a reinvestigation. II. The immature oocyte and dynamic aspects.

  1970cited by this paper
• The ultrastructure of the nuclear envelope of amphibian oocytes: a reinvestigation. I. The mature oocyte.

  1970cited by this paper
• Nuclear pores: the pore-annulus relationship in thin section.

  1970cited by this paper
• THE MACRONUCLEAR ENVELOPE OF TETRAHYMENA PYRIFORMIS GL IN DIFFERENT PHYSIOLOGICAL STATES

  1970cited by this paper
• Nucleopores and Polyribosome Formation

  1969cited by this paper
• The lattice spacing of crystalline catalase as an internal standard of length in electron microscopy.

  1968cited by this paper
• OCTAGONAL NUCLEAR PORES

  1967cited by this paper

• Conformational Dynamics of the Nuclear Pore Complex: Insights from Elastic Network Models and Coarse-Grained Simulations

  2025cites this paper
• Translocation of HIV capsid core through the Nuclear Pore Complex by affinity gradient

  2025cites this paper
• Molecular Crowing in Nuclear Pore.

  2025cites this paper
• Exploring Cellular Gateways: Unraveling the Secrets of Disordered Proteins within Live Nuclear Pores

  2024cites this paper
• Charge of karyopherins and nuclear FG-Nups are key ingredients of nucleocytoplasmic transport.

  2024cites this paper
• The nuclear pore protein NUP98 impedes LTR-driven basal gene expression of HIV-1, viral propagation, and infectivity

  2024cites this paper
• Impact of distinct FG nucleoporin repeats on Nup98 self-association

  2024cites this paper
• Simulating structurally variable nuclear pore complexes for microscopy

  2023cites this paper
• Nuclear envelope budding and its cellular functions

  2023cites this paper
• Diameter dependence of transport through nuclear pore complex mimics studied using optical nanopores

  2023cites this paper
• Cryo-electron microscopy reveals the structure of the nuclear pore complex.

  2023cites this paper
• From the sideline: Tissue‐specific nucleoporin function in health and disease, an update

  2023cites this paper
• Unveiling the complexity: assessing models describing the structure and function of the nuclear pore complex

  2023cites this paper
• Nuclear transport proteins: structure, function and disease relevance

  2023cites this paper
• The Role of Nucleoporins in Cardiac Tissue Development and Disease.

  2023cites this paper
• Phase separation of FG-nucleoporins in nuclear pore complexes.

  2022cites this paper
• Biological Applications of the Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope.

  2022cites this paper
• An introduction to dynamic nucleoporins in Leishmania species: Novel targets for tropical-therapeutics

  2022cites this paper
• Spelling out the roles of individual nucleoporins in nuclear export of mRNA

  2022cites this paper
• Generating Membrane Curvature at the Nuclear Pore: A Lipid Point of View

  2022cites this paper
• Unraveling docking and initiation of mRNA export through the nuclear pore complex

  2022cites this paper
• Selective Degradation and Quantification of Nucleoporins in the Nuclear Pore by Auxin‐Inducible Degrons and Single‐Molecule Microscopy

  2022cites this paper
• Structure and Function of the Nuclear Pore Complex.

  2022cites this paper
• Cryo-EM structure of the nuclear ring from Xenopus laevis nuclear pore complex

  2022cites this paper
• Physics of the Nuclear Pore Complex: Theory, Modeling and Experiment.

  2021cites this paper
• Spatial organization of nuclear pores in Xaenopus laevis oocytes

  2021cites this paper
• New Family Members of FG Repeat Proteins and Their Unexplored Roles During Phase Separation

  2021cites this paper
• Nuclear Pore Complexes Cluster in Dysmorphic Nuclei of Normal and Progeria Cells during Replicative Senescence

  2021cites this paper
• Cryo-EM structure of human Nup155 reveals the biochemical basis for atrial fibrillation linked genetic mutation R391H

  2021cites this paper
• Effects of usEPs on DNA, Nuclear, and Subnuclear Compartments

  2021cites this paper
• X-ray Structure of the Human Karyopherin RanBP5, an Essential Factor for Influenza Polymerase Nuclear Trafficking

  2021cites this paper
• Nucleoplasmic signals promote directed transmembrane protein import simultaneously via multiple channels of nuclear pores

  2020cites this paper
• Intrinsically Disorder Proteins and Liquid-Liquid Phase Transitions in Neurodegenerative Diseases

  2020cites this paper
• Mutation of the nuclear pore complex component, aladin1, disrupts asymmetric cell division in Zea mays (maize)

  2020cites this paper
• Nucleo–cytoplasmic transport defects and protein aggregates in neurodegeneration

  2020cites this paper
• Conformation of the nuclear pore in living cells is modulated by transport state

  2020cites this paper
• Cargo modulates the conformation of the nuclear pore in living cells

  2020cites this paper
• Identification of the Cargo-Binding Site in the Human Karyopherin RanBP5.

  2020cites this paper
• The nuclear pore primes recombination-dependent DNA synthesis at arrested forks by promoting SUMO removal

  2020cites this paper
• C9orf72 arginine-rich dipeptide repeat proteins disrupt karyopherin-mediated nuclear import

  2020cites this paper
• A designer FG-Nup that reconstitutes the selective transport barrier of the nuclear pore complex

  2020cites this paper
• The Cell Nucleus and Its Compartments

  2020cites this paper
• Molecular determinants of large cargo transport into the nucleus

  2019cites this paper
• Electrostatic switching of nuclear basket conformations provides a potential mechanism for nuclear mechanotransduction

  2019cites this paper
• New pathologic mechanisms in nucleotide repeat expansion disorders.

  2019influential citation
• C9orf72 arginine-rich dipeptide repeat proteins disrupt importin β-mediated nuclear import

  2019cites this paper
• The Role of Phosphatases in Nuclear Envelope Disassembly and Reassembly and Their Relevance to Pathologies

  2019cites this paper
• Ankyrin-G induces nucleoporin Nup358 to associate with the axon initial segment of neurons

  2019cites this paper
• Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy in Cell Biology Featuring the Plant Cell Wall and Nuclear Envelope

  2019cites this paper
• Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Nonstructural Protein 1 Beta Interacts with Nucleoporin 62 To Promote Viral Replication and Immune Evasion

  2019cites this paper
• Intrinsic Disorder-Based Emergence in Cellular Biology: Physiological and Pathological Liquid-Liquid Phase Transitions in Cells

  2019cites this paper
• The Effect of FG-Nup Phosphorylation on NPC Selectivity: A One-Bead-Per-Amino-Acid Molecular Dynamics Study

  2019cites this paper
• Casting a Wider Net: Differentiating between Inner Nuclear Envelope and Outer Nuclear Envelope Transmembrane Proteins

  2019cites this paper
• Moonlighting nuclear pore proteins: tissue-specific nucleoporin function in health and disease

  2018cites this paper
• Atomic force microscopy reveals structural variability amongst nuclear pore complexes

  2018cites this paper
• Structural Mass Spectrometry of Membrane Proteins within Their Native Lipid Environments.

  2018cites this paper
• Nuclear Pore Complexes in Genome Organization, Function and Maintenance

  2018cites this paper
• Structure of Yeast Nuclear Pore Complexes

  2018cites this paper
• RNA Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Defects in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

  2018cites this paper
• Spatial Organization of the Nucleus Compartmentalizes and Regulates the Genome

  2018cites this paper
• Quantitative Cryo‐Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy of Biological Materials

  2018cites this paper
• Navigating the Nuclear Envelope: One or Multiple Transport Mechanisms for Integral Membrane Proteins?

  2018cites this paper
• Chromatin remodeling in mammalian embryos.

  2018cites this paper
• Nuclear pore complex in genome organization and gene expression in yeast

  2018cites this paper
• Nuclear Pore Complexes: Fascinating Nucleocytoplasmic Checkpoints

  2018cites this paper
• Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Transport

  2018cites this paper
• Nuclear Pore Complexes in the Organization and Regulation of the Mammalian Genome

  2018cites this paper
• Verdinexor Targeting of CRM1 is a Promising Therapeutic Approach against RSV and Influenza Viruses

  2018cites this paper
• Chromatin Remodeling in Early Embryogenesis

  2018cites this paper
• Evolutionary divergence of the nuclear pore complex from fungi to metazoans

  2018cites this paper
• Structural dynamics of the nuclear pore complex.

  2017cites this paper
• Localisation of Nup153 and SENP1 to nuclear pore complexes is required for 53BP1-mediated DNA double-strand break repair

  2017cites this paper
• Nanobodies as new tools for studying large cargo transport and lamina organization.

  2017cites this paper
• Stoichiometry and compositional plasticity of the yeast nuclear pore complex revealed by quantitative fluorescence microscopy

  2017cites this paper
• Super-resolution mapping of scaffold nucleoporins in the nuclear pore complex

  2017cites this paper
• Cellular Electron Cryotomography: Toward Structural Biology In Situ.

  2017cites this paper
• Sequences within the C Terminus of the Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 (mGluR5) Are Responsible for Inner Nuclear Membrane Localization*

  2017cites this paper
• Molecular and functional characterization of the THO/TREX complex in Arabidopsis thaliana

  2017cites this paper
• Identification and characterization of protein-protein interactions in the nuclear envelope

  2017cites this paper
• The functional versatility of the nuclear pore complex proteins.

  2017cites this paper
• Transport of Tail-anchored Proteins to the Inner Nuclear Membrane

  2017cites this paper
• Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy in Eukaryotes.

  2017cites this paper
• Biomechanics of the transport barrier in the nuclear pore complex.

  2017cites this paper
• Imaging and radiation effects of gold nanoparticles in tumour cells

  2016cites this paper
• Roles of Cross-Membrane Transport and Signaling in the Maintenance of Cellular Homeostasis

  2016cites this paper
• Manipulation of host nuclear function by Chlamydia trachomatis

  2016cites this paper
• The Nuclear Pore Complex as a Flexible and Dynamic Gate.

  2016cites this paper
• Non-canonical roles of the nucleoporin Nup153 in influenza A virus infection, intracellular transport, and cellular architecture

  2016cites this paper
• Kinetic analysis of karyopherin-mediated transport through the nuclear pore complex

  2016cites this paper
• Functional Hydrophilic Polymers for Solution Assembly and Non-Viral Gene Therapy

  2016cites this paper
• A theoretical study of the entry of baculovirus into cell nucleus

  2016cites this paper
• Identification of a Nuclear Localization Signal (NLS) within the Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain of Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor (RGNEF)

  2016cites this paper
• Etoposide induced cytotoxicity mediated by ROS and ERK in human kidney proximal tubule cells

  2016cites this paper
• Karyopherin Alpha 1 Regulates Satellite Cell Proliferation and Survival by Modulating Nuclear Import

  2016cites this paper
• Structural and functional investigation of cargo recognition by exportins

  2016cites this paper
• Expression patterns of the major vault protein (MVP) and cellular vault particles in aquatic animal models

  2016influential citation
• Identification and analysis of a novel nuclear role of Fibroblast Growth Factor 10 (FGF10)

  2016cites this paper
• Nucleocytoplasmic Transport: A Paradigm for Molecular Logistics in Artificial Systems.

  2016cites this paper
• Virtual Nuclear Envelope Breakdown and Its Regulators in Fission Yeast Meiosis

  2016cites this paper
• A non-conventional nuclear import pathway for circadian clock proteins

  2016cites this paper