Time course of molecular responses of human skeletal muscle to acute bouts of resistance exercise

Resistance exercise (RE) training, designed to induce hypertrophy, strives for optimal activation of anabolic and myogenic mechanisms to increase myofiber size. Clearly, activation of these mechanisms must precede skeletal muscle growth. Most mechanistic studies of RE have involved analysis of outcome variables after many training sessions. This study measured molecular level responses to RE on a scale of hours to establish a time course for the activation of myogenic mechanisms. Muscle biopsy samples were collected from nine subjects before and after acute bouts of RE. The response to a single bout was assessed at 12 and 24 h post‐exercise. Further samples were obtained 24 and 72 h after a second exercise bout. RE was induced by neuromuscular electrical stimulation to generate maximal isometric contractions in the muscle of interest. A single RE bout resulted in increased levels of mRNA for IGF binding protein‐4 (84%), MyoD (83%), myogenin (approximately threefold), cyclin D1 (50%), and p21‐Waf1 (16‐fold), and a transient decrease in IGF‐I mRNA (46%). A temporally conserved, significant correlation between myogenin and p21 mRNA was observed (r=0.70, P

• Publication year

  2005

• Venue

  Journal of applied physiology

• Publication date

  2005-02-01

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2005.453_2.xPMID 15465884
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Myogenic protein expression before and after resistance loading in 26- and 64-yr-old men and women.

  2004influential reference
• Skeletal muscle hypertrophy in response to isometric, lengthening, and shortening training bouts of equivalent duration.

  2004influential reference
• Effects of one bout of endurance exercise on the expression of myogenin in human quadriceps muscle

  2004cited by this paper
• Cytoplasmic Nuclear Transfer of the Actin-capping Protein Tropomodulin*

  2004cited by this paper
• Expression of IGF‐I splice variants in young and old human skeletal muscle after high resistance exercise

  2003cited by this paper
• Acute molecular responses of skeletal muscle to resistance exercise in able-bodied and spinal cord-injured subjects.

  2003influential reference
• Resistance exercise alters MRF and IGF-I mRNA content in human skeletal muscle.

  2003cited by this paper
• Expression of IGF-I splice variants in young and old human skeletal muscle after high resistance exercise.[see comment]

  2003cited by this paper
• Cellular and molecular responses to increased skeletal muscle loading after irradiation.

  2002cited by this paper
• Role of IGF-I and IGFBPs in the changes of mass and phenotype induced in rat soleus muscle by clenbuterol.

  2002cited by this paper
• Sarcopenia and Hypertrophy: A Role for Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 in Aged Muscle?

  2002cited by this paper
• Regulation of cyclin-Cdk activity in mammalian cells

  2002cited by this paper
• Vastus lateralis fatigue alters recruitment of musculus quadriceps femoris in humans.

  2002cited by this paper
• Selected contribution: acute cellular and molecular responses to resistance exercise.

  2002cited by this paper
• IGF-I receptor signalling in transformation and differentiation

  2001cited by this paper
• Mechanical load increases muscle IGF-I and androgen receptor mRNA concentrations in humans.

  2001influential reference
• The molecular regulation of myogenesis

  2000cited by this paper
• Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding proteins: interactions with IGFs and intrinsic bioactivities.

  2000cited by this paper
• J. Submicrosc. Cytol. Pathol.

  2000cited by this paper
• A new look at the origin, function, and "stem-cell" status of muscle satellite cells.

  2000cited by this paper
• Calcineurin Is Required for Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy*

  1999cited by this paper
• Time course of changes in markers of myogenesis in overloaded rat skeletal muscles.

  1999cited by this paper
• p21(CIP1) and p57(KIP2) control muscle differentiation at the myogenin step.

  1999cited by this paper
• Surface electrical stimulation of skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury

  1999cited by this paper
• Association of IGF‐I and IGF‐II with myofiber regeneration in vivo

  1999cited by this paper
• Regulation of IGF‐I, IGFBP‐4 and IGFBP‐5 gene expression by loading in mouse skeletal muscle

  1999influential reference
• Influence of complete spinal cord injury on skeletal muscle within 6 mo of injury.

  1999cited by this paper
• Molecular and cellular adaptation of muscle in response to physical training.

  1998cited by this paper
• Myogenin, MyoD, and myosin expression after pharmacologically and surgically induced hypertrophy.

  1998cited by this paper
• Retrovirally mediated overexpression of insulin‐like growth factor binding protein 4: Evidence that insulin‐like growth factor is required for skeletal muscle differentiation

  1998cited by this paper
• 2 Role of Insulin‐Like Growth Factor‐I in the Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Adaptation to Increased Loading

  1998cited by this paper
• Handbook of Physiology. Section 12. Exercise: Regulation and Integration of Multiple Systems

  1997cited by this paper
• The Mitogenic and Myogenic Actions of Insulin-like Growth Factors Utilize Distinct Signaling Pathways*

  1997cited by this paper
• Analysis of myosin heavy chain mRNA expression by RT-PCR.

  1997influential reference
• A role for the ETS domain transcription factor PEA3 in myogenic differentiation

  1997cited by this paper
• Growth hormone and the insulin-like growth factor system in myogenesis.

  1996cited by this paper
• Exercise : regulation and integration of multiple systems

  1996cited by this paper
• Interleukin-15: a novel anabolic cytokine for skeletal muscle.

  1995cited by this paper
• The development of compensatory hypertrophy in the plantaris muscle of the rat.

  1995cited by this paper
• Plasticity of myonuclear number in hypertrophied and atrophied mammalian skeletal muscle fibers.

  1995cited by this paper
• Hypertrophy, Resistance Training, and the Nature of Skeletal Muscle Activation

  1995cited by this paper
• Muscle Plasticity: Energy Demand and Supply Processes

  1995cited by this paper
• Resistance training modes: specificity and effectiveness.

  1995cited by this paper
• Satellite cell activity is required for hypertrophy of overloaded adult rat muscle

  1994cited by this paper
• Regulatory mechanisms that coordinate skeletal muscle differentiation and cell cycle withdrawal.

  1994cited by this paper
• Mapping of electrical muscle stimulation using MRI.

  1993cited by this paper
• Muscle deficiency and neonatal death in mice with a targeted mutation in the myogenin gene

  1993cited by this paper
• Gamma irradiation prevents compensatory hypertrophy of overloaded mouse extensor digitorum longus muscle.

  1992cited by this paper
• Skeletal muscle responses to lower limb suspension in humans.

  1992cited by this paper
• A morphometrical comparison of right and left whole human vastus lateralis muscle: how to reduce sampling errors in biopsy techniques.

  1991cited by this paper
• Highly specific inhibition of IGF-I-stimulated differentiation by an antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide to myogenin mRNA. No effects on other actions of IGF-T.

  1990cited by this paper
• Satellite cell response in rat soleus muscle undergoing hypertrophy due to surgical ablation of synergists

  1990cited by this paper
• Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction.

  1987cited by this paper
• Human muscle strength training: the effects of three different regimens and the nature of the resultant changes.

  1987cited by this paper
• Response of satellite cells and muscle fibers to long-term compensatory hypertrophy.

  1983cited by this paper
• The fate of newly formed satellite cells during compensatory muscle hypertrophy

  1976cited by this paper
• Cell proliferation in rat skeletal muscle during early stages of compensatory hypertrophy

  1972cited by this paper

• Nutritional Interventions to Attenuate Quadriceps Muscle Deficits following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Reconstruction

  2025cites this paper
• Estrogen receptor signaling markers are poor predictors of muscle hypertrophy outcomes in young women and men.

  2025cites this paper
• Effects of Narrow- versus Wide-Pulse Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Training on Isometric Strength and Underlying Neuromuscular Adaptations.

  2025cites this paper
• Resistance and Aerobic Preconditioning Delays Unloading‐Induced Multisystemic Physiological Changes: The NEBULA Project

  2025cites this paper
• Bioinformatic Analysis of Differentially Expressed Long Non-Coding RNAs in Skeletal Muscle Following Aerobic and Resistance Exercise

  2025cites this paper
• Can Eccentric-Only Resistance Training Decrease Passive Muscle Stiffness While Increasing Size and Strength of Hamstrings?

  2024cites this paper
• Network model of skeletal muscle cell signalling predicts differential responses to endurance and resistance exercise training

  2024cites this paper
• Muscle Metabolism During Multiple Muscle Stimulation Using an Affordable Equipment

  2024cites this paper
• Mechanisms of mechanical overload-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy: current understanding and future directions.

  2023cites this paper
• Effect of electromyostimulation training on intramuscular fat accumulation determined by ultrasonography in older adults

  2022cites this paper
• Predictors of muscle hypertrophy responsiveness to electrically evoked resistance training after spinal cord injury

  2022cites this paper
• Changes in Body Composition and Strength after 12 Weeks of High-Intensity Functional Training with Two Different Loads in Physically Active Men and Women: A Randomized Controlled Study

  2022cites this paper
• Interrelated but Not Time-Aligned Response in Myogenic Regulatory Factors Demethylation and mRNA Expression after Divergent Exercise Bouts

  2022cites this paper
• Multi-scale mechanobiological model for skeletal muscle hypertrophy

  2022cites this paper
• Ribosome accumulation during early phase resistance training in humans

  2022cites this paper
• Protective effects of saffron extract and resistance training against atrophic markers: a study on rats with dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy

  2022cites this paper
• Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation in Patients With Severe COVID-19 Associated With Sepsis and Septic Shock

  2022cites this paper
• Local and systemic transcriptomic responses from acute exercise induced muscle damage of the human knee extensors.

  2022cites this paper
• Employment of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation to Examine Muscle and Bone Qualities after Spinal Cord Injury

  2022cites this paper
• Resistance Exercise, Aging, Disuse, and Muscle Protein Metabolism.

  2021cites this paper
• A dynamical system for the IGF1-AKT signaling pathway in skeletal muscle adaptation

  2021cites this paper
• Effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on functional capacity and quality of life among patients after cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

  2021cites this paper
• Effects of Supramaximal Eccentric Training and Eurycoma Longifolia Jack Supplementation on Quadriceps Strength in Elite Athletes

  2021cites this paper
• The Effect of Whey Protein Supplementation on Myofibrillar Protein Synthesis and Performance Recovery in Resistance-Trained Men

  2020cites this paper
• Expression of titin-linked putative mechanosensing proteins in skeletal muscle after power resistance exercise in resistance-trained men.

  2020cites this paper
• The Effects of Cold Water Immersion and Active Recovery on Molecular Factors That Regulate Growth and Remodeling of Skeletal Muscle After Resistance Exercise

  2020cites this paper
• Acute interval waking with blood flow restriction could not increase ERK, p38 and decrease myostatin.

  2020cites this paper
• Immunohistochemical expression of insulin-like growth factor-1Ec in primary endometrial carcinoma: Association with PTEN, p53 and survivin expression

  2020cites this paper
• Muscle Growth, Repair, and Preservation

  2019cites this paper
• Increased Expression of miR-1 in Fast-Twitch Skeletal Muscle in Response to Resistance Exercise

  2019cites this paper
• It's not just about protein turnover: the role of ribosomal biogenesis and satellite cells in the regulation of skeletal muscle hypertrophy

  2019cites this paper
• Physiological Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Mass

  2019cites this paper
• Effect of acute interval walking with blood flow restriction on 4EBP1, ERK, p38, and myostatin of skeletal muscle in inactive men

  2019cites this paper
• Activation of Protein Synthesis, Regeneration and MAPK Signaling Pathways Following Repeated Bouts of Eccentric Cycling.

  2019cites this paper
• Resistance Exercise-Induced Hormonal Response Promotes Satellite Cell Proliferation in Untrained Men but not in Women.

  2019influential citation
• Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium

  2019cites this paper
• Impact of transcutaneous neuromuscular electrical stimulation or resistance exercise on skeletal muscle mRNA expression in COPD

  2019cites this paper
• Impact of transcutaneous neuromuscular electrical stimulation or resistance exercise on skeletal muscle mRNA expression in COPD

  2019cites this paper
• Select Skeletal Muscle mRNAs Related to Exercise Adaptation Are Minimally Affected by Different Pre-exercise Meals that Differ in Macronutrient Profile

  2018cites this paper
• Muscle Atrophy Induced by Mechanical Unloading: Mechanisms and Potential Countermeasures

  2018cites this paper
• Recovery and Adaptation after Weight Training Sessions with Different Number of Sets to Failure

  2018cites this paper
• Exercise training in chronic kidney disease : an exploration of the effects on skeletal muscle mass, function, and the molecular responses

  2018cites this paper
• Neuromuscular efficiency of the knee joint muscles in the early-phase of strength training: effects of antagonist’s muscles pre-activation

  2018cites this paper
• Early Functional and Morphological Muscle Adaptations During Short-Term Inertial-Squat Training

  2018cites this paper
• Autophagy, Exercise, and Lifestyle Modification

  2018cites this paper
• Differential metabolic effects of constant moderate versus high intensity interval training in high‐fat fed mice: possible role of muscle adiponectin

  2018cites this paper
• Activity and Hormones Vol 2 , No . 2 , Ser . 6 ( June 2018 ) , 013-028 Effects of Heavy Duty versus traditional resistance training on thigh muscle cross-sectional area

  2018cites this paper
• Influence of familiarization on maximum strength testing in male individuals with spinal cord injury

  2018cites this paper
• Quantity and Quality of Exercise for Developing and Maintaining Cardiorespiratory , Musculoskeletal , and Neuromotor Fitness in Apparently Healthy Adults : Guidance for Prescribing Exercise

  2018cites this paper
• Effects of Consecutive Versus Non-consecutive Days of Resistance Training on Strength, Body Composition, and Red Blood Cells

  2018cites this paper
• Effect of the Resistance Exercise-Induced Hormonal Changes on Satellite Cell Myogenic State

  2018cites this paper
• Extraocular Muscles in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

  2017cites this paper
• Transcriptome profiling of Arabian horse blood during training regimens

  2017cites this paper
• Post-absorptive muscle protein turnover affects resistance training hypertrophy

  2017cites this paper
• VIAS DE SINALIZAÇÃO INTRACELULAR NA ATROFIA MUSCULAR E NO TREINAMENTO RESISTIDO

  2017influential citation
• Exercise-induced modification of the skeletal muscle transcriptome in Arabian horses.

  2017cites this paper
• Skeletal muscle and resistance exercise training; the role of protein synthesis in recovery and remodeling.

  2017cites this paper
• Neuromuscular electrical stimulation may attenuate muscle proteolysis after cardiovascular surgery: A preliminary study

  2017cites this paper
• Mechanisms for Successful Rehabilitation of Cough in Parkinson's Disease Using Expiratory Muscle Strength Training

  2017cites this paper
• Adaptations and acute physiological effects of various resistance training programs in adolescent and elite athletes

  2017cites this paper
• The role of declining adaptive homeostasis in ageing

  2017cites this paper
• Individual variability in mRNA expression responses to resistance exercise

  2017cites this paper
• INFLUENCE OF LOW, MEDIUM AND HIGH INTENSITY OF RESISTANCE TRAINING ON MUSCULAR HYPERTROPHY, AND SELECTED HEALTH RELATED FITNESS VARIABLES AMONG UNDERWEIGHT MALES

  2017cites this paper
• A combination of Korean mistletoe extract and resistance exercise retarded the decline in muscle mass and strength in the elderly: A randomized controlled trial

  2017cites this paper
• The Effect of 8 Weeks of Mult –Joint and Single–Joint Resistance Training on Some Coagulation and Blood Factors in Active Young Men

  2017cites this paper
• Ribosome Biogenesis is Necessary for Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy

  2016cites this paper
• Effects of exercise training and doxorubicin on myogenic regulatory factors

  2016cites this paper
• Validation of measurements of bone density and the roles of creatine and exercise in musculoskeletal health in women

  2016cites this paper
• L’électrostimulation neuromusculaire périphérique a-t-elle une place dans la prise en charge thérapeutique du patient obèse ?

  2016cites this paper
• The Preferential Expression pattern of insulin-like growth factor -1 and its isoforms in the gastrocnemius muscle suggests preferential roles in the running and Sedentary Adolescents

  2016cites this paper
• Acute resistance exercise activates rapamycin‐sensitive and ‐insensitive mechanisms that control translational activity and capacity in skeletal muscle

  2016cites this paper
• Transcriptional regulation or ribosome biogenesis in skeletal muscle growth THESIS FOR DOCTORAL DEGREE ( Ph . D . )

  2016cites this paper
• Exercise Responses to Gravity-Independent Flywheel Aerobic and Resistance Training.

  2016cites this paper
• voluntary endurance exercise chronic exposure to IL-6 but preserved by concurrent Skeletal muscle growth in young rats is inhibited by

  2015cites this paper
• needle biopsies muscle after resistance exercise and multiple fine Similar changes of gene expression in human skeletal

  2015cites this paper
• The role of microRNAs in regulating muscle protein synthesis

  2015cites this paper
• from single muscle fibers Technique for quantitative RT-PCR analysis directly

  2015cites this paper
• Mixed lactate and caffeine compound increases satellite cell activity and anabolic signals

  2015cites this paper
• Role of IGF-I signaling in muscle bone interactions.

  2015cites this paper
• Evolution of Diaphragm Thickness during Mechanical Ventilation. Impact of Inspiratory Effort.

  2015cites this paper
• atrophy in rats resistance exercise prevents unloading-induced muscle Combined isometric, concentric, and eccentric

  2015cites this paper
• Acute molecular responses to concurrent resistance and high-intensity interval exercise in untrained skeletal muscle

  2015cites this paper
• Co-ingestion of carbohydrate with branched-chain amino acids or l-leucine does not preferentially increase serum IGF-1 and expression of myogenic-related genes in response to a single bout of resistance exercise

  2015cites this paper
• Aging of Muscle Stem Cells

  2015cites this paper
• Skeletal muscle hypertrophy adaptations predominate in the early stages of resistance exercise training, matching deuterium oxide‐derived measures of muscle protein synthesis and mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 signaling

  2015cites this paper
• The Effects of Eccentric and Concentric Exercise on Carbohydrate Metabolism

  2015cites this paper
• Human skeletal muscle fibre contractile properties and proteomic profile: adaptations to 3 weeks of unilateral lower limb suspension and active recovery

  2015cites this paper
• Adaptative changes and contractile properties of skeletal muscle: Significance and problems of tension measurement

  2015cites this paper
• Stem Cell Aging: Mechanisms, Consequences, Rejuvenation

  2015cites this paper
• expression during myofiber hypertrophy in humans Cluster analysis tests the importance of myogenic gene

  2015cites this paper
• expression of titin-complex proteins and calpains Effects of fatiguing jumping exercise on mRNA

  2015cites this paper
• Early myogenic responses to acute exercise before and after resistance training in young men

  2015influential citation
• acute responses in human skeletal muscle Consecutive bouts of diverse contractile activity alter

  2015cites this paper
• muscleexpression after acute exercise in human skeletal Time course of proteolytic, cytokine, and myostatin

  2015cites this paper
• acute eccentric exercise bout -actinin-3 in the response to an α Protective role of

  2015cites this paper
• Low Intensity Resistance Exercise Training with Blood Flow Restriction: Insight into Cardiovascular Function, and Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy in Humans

  2015cites this paper
• Resistance exercise training modulates acute gene expression during human skeletal muscle hypertrophy.

  2014cites this paper
• Hybrid hydrogels containing vertically aligned carbon nanotubes with anisotropic electrical conductivity for muscle myofiber fabrication

  2014cites this paper
• Neuromuscular electrical stimulation in dyspneic COPD patients: a new training modality

  2014cites this paper
• Concurrent training : neuroendocrine and molecular mechanisms of strength and endurance training incompatibility

  2014cites this paper