Macrophage phenotypes and their modulation in atherosclerosis.

No abstract is available for this paper.

• Publication year

  2014

• Venue

  Circulation Journal

• Publication date

  2014-07-25

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1253/CIRCJ.CJ-14-0621PMID 24998279
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• CXCL4-induced plaque macrophages can be specifically identified by co-expression of MMP7+S100A8+ in vitro and in vivo

  2015cited by this paper
• Irradiation of existing atherosclerotic lesions increased inflammation by favoring pro-inflammatory macrophages.

  2014cited by this paper
• HDL does not influence the polarization of human monocytes toward an alternative phenotype.

  2014cited by this paper
• Kruppel-like Transcription Factor 6 Regulates Inflammatory Macrophage Polarization*

  2014cited by this paper
• Reprogramming macrophages to an anti‐inflammatory phenotype by helminth antigens reduces murine atherosclerosis

  2014cited by this paper
• Increased Atherosclerotic Lesions in LDL Receptor Deficient Mice With Hematopoietic Nuclear Receptor Rev‐erbα Knock‐ Down

  2013cited by this paper
• The Adenosine-Dependent Angiogenic Switch of Macrophages to an M2-Like Phenotype is Independent of Interleukin-4 Receptor Alpha (IL-4Rα) Signaling

  2013cited by this paper
• Truncated thioredoxin (Trx‐80) promotes pro‐inflammatory macrophages of the M1 phenotype and enhances atherosclerosis

  2013cited by this paper
• Rapamycin unbalances the polarization of human macrophages to M1

  2013cited by this paper
• The TSC-mTOR pathway regulates macrophage polarization

  2013cited by this paper
• Liver X Receptor Activation Stimulates Iron Export in Human Alternative Macrophages

  2013cited by this paper
• The phenotype of infiltrating macrophages influences arteriosclerotic plaque vulnerability in the carotid artery.

  2013cited by this paper
• HDL Induces the Expression of the M2 Macrophage Markers Arginase 1 and Fizz-1 in a STAT6-Dependent Process

  2013cited by this paper
• Bone marrow NR4A expression is not a dominant factor in the development of atherosclerosis or macrophage polarization in mice[S]

  2013cited by this paper
• Re-polarization of tumor-associated macrophages to pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages by microRNA-155.

  2012cited by this paper
• NR4A1 (Nur77) Deletion Polarizes Macrophages Toward an Inflammatory Phenotype and Increases Atherosclerosis

  2012cited by this paper
• Efficient Clearance of Early Apoptotic Cells by Human Macrophages Requires M2c Polarization and MerTK Induction

  2012cited by this paper
• Hematopoietic miR155 Deficiency Enhances Atherosclerosis and Decreases Plaque Stability in Hyperlipidemic Mice

  2012cited by this paper
• MicroRNA-155 promotes atherosclerosis by repressing Bcl6 in macrophages.

  2012cited by this paper
• Hemoglobin directs macrophage differentiation and prevents foam cell formation in human atherosclerotic plaques.

  2012cited by this paper
• Thioredoxin-1 Promotes Anti-Inflammatory Macrophages of the M2 Phenotype and Antagonizes Atherosclerosis

  2012cited by this paper
• Bone Marrow–Specific Deficiency of Nuclear Receptor Nur77 Enhances Atherosclerosis

  2012cited by this paper
• microRNA expression signatures and parallels between monocyte subsets and atherosclerotic plaque in humans

  2012cited by this paper
• Distribution of macrophage polarization markers in human atherosclerosis.

  2012cited by this paper
• Activating Transcription Factor 1 Directs Mhem Atheroprotective Macrophages Through Coordinated Iron Handling and Foam Cell Protection

  2012cited by this paper
• Myeloid-specific estrogen receptor α deficiency impairs metabolic homeostasis and accelerates atherosclerotic lesion development

  2011cited by this paper
• The transcription factor NR4A1 (Nur77) controls bone marrow differentiation and the survival of Ly6C− monocytes

  2011cited by this paper
• Antagonistic regulation of macrophage phenotype by M-CSF and GM-CSF: implication in atherosclerosis.

  2011cited by this paper
• Differential Lipid Partitioning Between Adipocytes and Tissue Macrophages Modulates Macrophage Lipotoxicity and M2/M1 Polarization in Obese Mice

  2011cited by this paper
• LXR&agr; Regulates Macrophage Arginase 1 Through PU.1 and Interferon Regulatory Factor 8

  2011cited by this paper
• p16INK4a deficiency promotes IL-4-induced polarization and inhibits proinflammatory signaling in macrophages.

  2011cited by this paper
• Human Atherosclerotic Plaque Alternative Macrophages Display Low Cholesterol Handling but High Phagocytosis Because of Distinct Activities of the PPAR&ggr; and LXR&agr; Pathways

  2011cited by this paper
• Krüppel-like factor 4 regulates macrophage polarization.

  2011cited by this paper
• Phenotypic modulation of macrophages in response to plaque lipids

  2011cited by this paper
• HDL promotes rapid atherosclerosis regression in mice and alters inflammatory properties of plaque monocyte-derived cells

  2011cited by this paper
• miR-21, miR-210, miR-34a, and miR-146a/b are up-regulated in human atherosclerotic plaques in the Tampere Vascular Study.

  2011cited by this paper
• Estrogen signaling and cardiovascular disease.

  2011cited by this paper
• Identification of a Novel Macrophage Phenotype That Develops in Response to Atherogenic Phospholipids via Nrf2

  2010cited by this paper
• Negative regulation of TLR4 via targeting of the proinflammatory tumor suppressor PDCD4 by the microRNA miR-21

  2010cited by this paper
• Macrophage Plasticity in Experimental Atherosclerosis

  2010cited by this paper
• Physiological and pathological roles for microRNAs in the immune system

  2010cited by this paper
• Radiation-related heart disease: current knowledge and future prospects.

  2010cited by this paper
• CXCL4 Downregulates the Atheroprotective Hemoglobin Receptor CD163 in Human Macrophages

  2010cited by this paper
• CXC Chemokine Ligand 4 Induces a Unique Transcriptome in Monocyte-Derived Macrophages

  2010cited by this paper
• Alternative activation of macrophages: mechanism and functions.

  2010cited by this paper
• Thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase: current research with special reference to human disease.

  2010cited by this paper
• Inositol phosphatase SHIP1 is a primary target of miR-155

  2009cited by this paper
• Coronary intraplaque hemorrhage evokes a novel atheroprotective macrophage phenotype.

  2009cited by this paper
• The kinase Akt1 controls macrophage response to lipopolysaccharide by regulating microRNAs.

  2009cited by this paper
• MicroRNAs: Target Recognition and Regulatory Functions

  2009cited by this paper
• Unlike PPARgamma, PPARalpha or PPARbeta/delta activation does not promote human monocyte differentiation toward alternative macrophages.

  2009cited by this paper
• Macrophage diversity and polarization in atherosclerosis: a question of balance.

  2009cited by this paper
• miR-147, a microRNA that is induced upon Toll-like receptor stimulation, regulates murine macrophage inflammatory responses

  2009cited by this paper
• The TSC-mTOR signaling pathway regulates the innate inflammatory response.

  2008cited by this paper
• Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ Activation Promotes Infiltration of Alternatively Activated Macrophages into Adipose Tissue*

  2008cited by this paper
• Adipocyte-derived Th2 cytokines and myeloid PPARdelta regulate macrophage polarization and insulin sensitivity.

  2008cited by this paper
• Transcriptional Profiling of the Human Monocyte-to-Macrophage Differentiation and Polarization: New Molecules and Patterns of Gene ExpressionMartinez FO, Gordon S, Locati M, et al (Univ of Milan, Italy; Univ of Oxford, England) J Immunol 177:7303–7311, 2006§

  2008cited by this paper
• Arginase I induction by modified lipoproteins in macrophages: a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma/delta-mediated effect that links lipid metabolism and immunity.

  2008cited by this paper
• Macrophage activation and polarization.

  2008cited by this paper
• Heterogeneity of human macrophages in culture and in atherosclerotic plaques.

  2008cited by this paper
• Single-dose and fractionated irradiation promote initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and induce an inflammatory plaque phenotype in ApoE(-/-) mice.

  2008cited by this paper
• Alternative M2 activation of Kupffer cells by PPARdelta ameliorates obesity-induced insulin resistance.

  2008cited by this paper
• PPARgamma activation primes human monocytes into alternative M2 macrophages with anti-inflammatory properties.

  2007cited by this paper
• Control of translation and mRNA degradation by miRNAs and siRNAs.

  2006cited by this paper
• NF-κB-dependent induction of microRNA miR-146, an inhibitor targeted to signaling proteins of innate immune responses

  2006cited by this paper
• Molecular regulation of HDL metabolism and function: implications for novel therapies.

  2006cited by this paper
• Transcriptional Profiling of the Human Monocyte-to-Macrophage Differentiation and Polarization: New Molecules and Patterns of Gene Expression1

  2006cited by this paper
• Rapamycin Induces a Caspase‐Independent Cell Death in Human Monocytes

  2006cited by this paper
• Ionizing radiation accelerates the development of atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE-/- mice and predisposes to an inflammatory plaque phenotype prone to hemorrhage.

  2006cited by this paper
• TRBP recruits the Dicer complex to Ago2 for microRNA processing and gene silencing

  2005cited by this paper
• Macrophage activation switching: an asset for the resolution of inflammation

  2005cited by this paper
• Human IL-23-producing type 1 macrophages promote but IL-10-producing type 2 macrophages subvert immunity to (myco)bacteria.

  2004cited by this paper
• Dysregulation of the TSC-mTOR pathway in human disease

  2004cited by this paper
• The chemokine system in diverse forms of macrophage activation and polarization.

  2004cited by this paper
• Alternative activation of macrophages

  2003cited by this paper
• Radiation-associated cardiovascular disease.

  2003cited by this paper
• Thioredoxin: A Key Regulator of Cardiovascular Homeostasis

  2003cited by this paper
• An angiogenic switch in macrophages involving synergy between Toll-like receptors 2, 4, 7, and 9 and adenosine A(2A) receptors.

  2003cited by this paper
• Atherosclerosis--an inflammatory disease.

  1999cited by this paper
• High-density lipoproteins inhibit cytokine-induced expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules.

  1995cited by this paper
• [21] Thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase

  1995cited by this paper
• Rapamycin blocks cell cycle progression of activated T cells prior to events characteristic of the middle to late G1 phase of the cycle

  1993cited by this paper
• Interleukin 4 potently enhances murine macrophage mannose receptor activity: a marker of alternative immunologic macrophage activation

  1992cited by this paper
• Immuno-metabolic factors in schistosomal hepatic fibrosis modulating atherogenesis.

  1992cited by this paper
• Rapamycin (AY-22,989), a new antifungal antibiotic. I. Taxonomy of the producing streptomycete and isolation of the active principle.

  1975cited by this paper
• Rapamycin (AY-22,989), a new antifungal antibiotic. II. Fermentation, isolation and characterization.

  1975cited by this paper
• The transcription factor NR 4 A 1 ( Nur 77 ) controls bone marrow differentiation and the survival of Ly 6 C − monocytes

  year unknowncited by this paper

• Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Attenuate Pro-Inflammatory Macrophage Polarization: Comparison of Matrix-Bound and Small Extracellular Vesicles

  2026cites this paper
• Macrophages, fibrosis, and intrauterine adhesions: Cellular interactions and pathophysiological implications.

  2026cites this paper
• Post-translational modifications orchestrate mTOR-driven cell death in cardiovascular disease

  2025cites this paper
• Effect of Oral Administration of Colchicine on Progression of Aortic Aneurysm in Mice.

  2025cites this paper
• Redefining Macrophage Heterogeneity in Atherosclerosis: A Focus on Possible Therapeutic Implications

  2025cites this paper
• Pharmacological and toxicological roles of Kruppel-like factors (KLFs) in the cardiovascular system: a review

  2025cites this paper
• Immunoregulatory properties of cell free DNA

  2025cites this paper
• Divergent impact of endotoxin priming and endotoxin tolerance on macrophage responses to cancer cells.

  2025cites this paper
• Low Hepatic CEACAM1 Tethers Metabolic Dysfunction Steatohepatitis to Atherosclerosis

  2025cites this paper
• Macrophage Polarization: An Ideal Therapeutic Strategy Remains to be Explored in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

  2024cites this paper
• Anti-Inflammatory Responses Produced with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis-Derived Uridine via the Mitochondrial ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channel and Its Anti-Atherosclerosis Effect in an Apolipoprotein E Gene Knockout Mouse Model

  2024cites this paper
• Role of macrophages and their exosomes in orthopedic diseases

  2024cites this paper
• Defective macrophage efferocytosis in advanced atherosclerotic plaque and mitochondrial therapy.

  2024cites this paper
• The role of macrophage polarization in tendon healing and therapeutic strategies: Insights from animal models

  2024cites this paper
• Tumor-Associated Senescent Macrophages, Their Markers, and Their Role in Tumor Microenvironment

  2024cites this paper
• Cellular Senescence as a Targetable Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Diseases

  2024cites this paper
• Low to moderate dose 137Cs (γ) radiation promotes M2 type macrophage skewing and reduces atherosclerotic plaque CD68+ cell content in ApoE(−/−) mice

  2024cites this paper
• KLF4 and CD55 expression and function depend on each other

  2024cites this paper
• Adoptive Transfer of Immunomodulatory Macrophages Reduces the Pro-Inflammatory Microenvironment and Increases Bone Formation on Titanium Implants.

  2024cites this paper
• Epigenetic regulatory mechanism of macrophage polarization in diabetic wound healing (Review)

  2024cites this paper
• The role of metabolic disorders in the development of atherosclerosis.

  2024cites this paper
• Synergizing Immune Balance: Curcumin Gold Nanoparticles and Ultrasound Irradiation for Macrophage Down-Regulation

  2024cites this paper
• Immunological perspectives on atherosclerotic plaque formation and progression

  2024cites this paper
• EXPLORING THE THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF LOW-DOSE COLCHICINE IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: AN IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS OF INFLAMMATION, SAFETY, AND CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS

  2024cites this paper
• Differences in Stable and Unstable Atherosclerotic Plaque.

  2024cites this paper
• Chronotherapy involving rosiglitazone regulates the phenotypic switch of vascular smooth muscle cells by shifting the phase of TNF-α rhythm through triglyceride accumulation in macrophages

  2024cites this paper
• Correlation analysis of macrophage distribution and pathological features of carotid atherosclerotic plaque.

  2023cites this paper
• The Role of Smoking in the Mechanisms of Development of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Atherosclerosis

  2023cites this paper
• The role of ROS-induced pyroptosis in CVD

  2023cites this paper
• ProCPU Is Expressed by (Primary) Human Monocytes and Macrophages and Expression Differs between States of Differentiation and Activation

  2023cites this paper
• Cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlies the formation of atherosclerotic plaque and plaque rupture-review

  2023cites this paper
• Blood Count-Derived Inflammatory Markers and Acute Complications of Ischemic Heart Disease in Elderly Women

  2023cites this paper
• Conversion of M1 Macrophages to Foam Cells: Transcriptome Differences Determined by Sex

  2023cites this paper
• Targeting gut microbiota and immune crosstalk: potential mechanisms of natural products in the treatment of atherosclerosis

  2023cites this paper
• Role of c-Src and reactive oxygen species in cardiovascular diseases

  2023cites this paper
• In Vitro Targeted Delivery of Simvastatin and Niacin to Macrophages Using Mannan-Grafted Magnetite Nanoparticles

  2023cites this paper
• Cholesteryl hemiazelate identified in CVD patients causes in vitro and in vivo inflammation

  2023cites this paper
• Cholinergic Polarization of Human Macrophages

  2023cites this paper
• Regulatory macrophages in solid organ xenotransplantation

  2023cites this paper
• Anti-inflammatory role of SGLT2 inhibitors as part of their anti-atherosclerotic activity: Data from basic science and clinical trials

  2022cites this paper
• Novel insight on the role of Macrophages in atherosclerosis: Focus on polarization, apoptosis and efferocytosis.

  2022cites this paper
• Understanding the role of alternative macrophage phenotypes in human atherosclerosis

  2022cites this paper
• Stable CAD patients show higher levels of platelet-borne TGF-β1 associated with a superior pro-inflammatory state than the pro-aggregatory status; Evidence highlighting the importance of platelet-derived TGF-β1 in atherosclerosis

  2022cites this paper
• S100A8-mediated metabolic adaptation controls HIV-1 persistence in macrophages in vivo

  2022cites this paper
• Role of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in Inflammatory Diseases

  2022cites this paper
• What is the Potential Interplay between Microbiome and Tumor Microenvironment in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas?

  2022cites this paper
• Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis

  2022cites this paper
• Links between macrophages in perivascular adipose tissue and arterial wall: a role in atherosclerosis initiation?

  2022cites this paper
• Emerging Approaches for Regenerative Rehabilitation Following Traumatic Brain Injury Regenerative Rehabilitation in TBI

  2022cites this paper
• Increased Macrophage-Specific Arterial Infiltration Relates to Non-calcified Plaque and Systemic Immune Activation in People with HIV.

  2022cites this paper
• The Long Non-coding RNA AC148477.2 Is a Novel Therapeutic Target Associated With Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Proliferation of Femoral Atherosclerosis

  2022cites this paper
• Roles of Macrophages in Atherogenesis

  2021cites this paper
• S-1-Propenylcysteine promotes IL-10-induced M2c macrophage polarization through prolonged activation of IL-10R/STAT3 signaling

  2021cites this paper
• Profiles of inflammatory markers and their association with cardiometabolic parameters in rural and urban Uganda

  2021cites this paper
• Therapeutic Effect of Schistosoma japonicum Cystatin on Atherosclerotic Renal Damage

  2021cites this paper
• Supramolecular copolymer modified statin-loaded discoidal rHDLs for atherosclerotic anti-inflammatory therapy by cholesterol efflux and M2 macrophage polarization.

  2021cites this paper
• Regulatory Macrophages and Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells in Myeloid Regulatory Cell-Based Therapies

  2021cites this paper
• Migration of OxLDL+ Macrophage Phenotypes from Pericoronary Adipose Tissue to Coronary Intima: A Possible Mechanism for Human Coronary Atherosclerosis

  2021cites this paper
• Biomaterial-based osteoimmunomodulatory strategies via the TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway: A review

  2021cites this paper
• Effects of Risk Factors on In Situ Expression of Proinflammatory Markers Correlated to Carotid Plaque Instability

  2021cites this paper
• ShenLian Extract Enhances TGF-β Functions in the Macrophage-SMC Unit and Stabilizes Atherosclerotic Plaques

  2021cites this paper
• Hydroxysafflor yellow A, a natural compound from Carthamus tinctorius L with good effect of alleviating atherosclerosis.

  2021cites this paper
• Characterizing the Role of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3α/β in Macrophage Polarization and the Regulation of Pro-Atherogenic Pathways in Cultured Ldlr-/- Macrophages

  2021cites this paper
• Use of Integrated Optical Clearing and 2-Photon Imaging to Investigate Sex Differences in Neuroimmune Interactions After Peripheral Nerve Injury

  2021cites this paper
• Cord-Blood-Derived Professional Antigen-Presenting Cells: Functions and Applications in Current and Prospective Cell Therapies

  2021cites this paper
• Synthetic nanostructured wollastonite: Composition, structure and “in vitro” biocompatibility investigation

  2021cites this paper
• New insights into endogenous mechanisms of protection against arterial calcification.

  2020cites this paper
• β-Endorphin Mediates the Development and Instability of Atherosclerotic Plaques

  2020cites this paper
• Nanomedicine Approaches for Advanced Diagnosis and Treatment of Atherosclerosis and Related Ischemic Diseases

  2020cites this paper
• Analysis of single-cell RNA-Seq reveals dynamic changes during macrophage state transition in atherosclerosis mouse model

  2020cites this paper
• Integral estimation of systemic inflammatory response under sepsis.

  2020cites this paper
• Long Non-Coding RNAs Link Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein With the Inflammatory Response of Macrophages in Atherogenesis

  2020cites this paper
• Correlation of plasma soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 level with the severity and stability of coronary atherosclerosis

  2020cites this paper
• Transcriptional Analyses Identify Genes That Modulate Bovine Macrophage Response to Toxoplasma Infection and Immune Stimulation

  2020cites this paper
• Meditsinskaya Immunologiya Медицинская Иммунология PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PATHOGENIC ROLE OF SCAVENGER RECEPTORS IN HUMANS

  2020cites this paper
• Immunology of leprosy

  2020cites this paper
• Migration of ApoA1+ Macrophage Phenotypes from Pericoronary Adipose Tissue to Coronary Plaque: A Possible Mechanism for Suppression of Human Coronary Atherosclerosis

  2020cites this paper
• Deficiency of LMP10 Attenuates Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis by Inhibiting Macrophage Polarization and Inflammation in Apolipoprotein E Deficient Mice

  2020cites this paper
• Macrophages in Organ Transplantation

  2020cites this paper
• Ginsenoside Compound K Attenuates Ox-LDL-Mediated Macrophage Inflammation and Foam Cell Formation via Autophagy Induction and Modulating NF-κB, p38, and JNK MAPK Signaling

  2020cites this paper
• Structure-function relationship analysis of fucoidan from sea cucumber (Holothuria tubulosa) on ameliorating metabolic inflammation.

  2020cites this paper
• Genetic deficiency of Phactr1 promotes atherosclerosis development via facilitating M1 macrophage polarization and foam cell formation.

  2020cites this paper
• Biomimetic 3D Models for Investigating the Role of Monocytes and Macrophages in Atherosclerosis

  2020cites this paper
• Legumain Promotes Atherosclerotic Vascular Remodeling

  2019cites this paper
• Selenomethionine supplementation reduces lesion burden, improves vessel function and modulates the inflammatory response within the setting of atherosclerosis

  2019influential citation
• Inflammatory response to magnesium-based biodegradable implant materials.

  2019cites this paper
• Functional and phenotypic characteristics of classical (M1) and alternatively activated (M2) macropfages and their role during normal and pathological pregnancy (literature review)

  2019cites this paper
• Heterogeneity of Macrophages in Atherosclerosis

  2019cites this paper
• [Macrophages and Their Role in Destabilization of an Atherosclerotic Plaque].

  2019cites this paper
• Immunobiology of Atherosclerosis: A Complex Net of Interactions

  2019cites this paper
• M2 Macrophages as a Potential Target for Antiatherosclerosis Treatment

  2019cites this paper
• Role of Inflammatory Cell Subtypes in Heart Failure

  2019cites this paper
• Recent progress on developing exogenous monocyte/macrophage-based therapies for inflammatory and degenerative diseases.

  2019cites this paper
• Twenty Novel Disease Group-Specific and 12 New Shared Macrophage Pathways in Eight Groups of 34 Diseases Including 24 Inflammatory Organ Diseases and 10 Types of Tumors

  2019influential citation
• The Effect of Helminth Infections and Their Treatment on Metabolic Outcomes: Results of a Cluster-Randomized Trial

  2019cites this paper
• PCB 126 induces monocyte/macrophage polarization and inflammation through AhR and NF‐&kgr;B pathways

  2019cites this paper
• Macrophages and T cells in atherosclerosis: a translational perspective.

  2019cites this paper
• Stimulation of bovine monocyte-derived macrophages with lipopolysaccharide, interferon-ɣ, Interleukin-4 or Interleukin-13 does not induce detectable changes in nitric oxide or arginase activity

  2019cites this paper
• DNA methyltransferase 1 and Krüppel-like factor 4 axis regulates macrophage inflammation and atherosclerosis.

  2019cites this paper
• Early-life inflammation pathways trigger a cascade leading to development of atherosclerotic plaque through the "butterfly effect" - An hypothesis.

  2019cites this paper