Higher levels of serum TLR2 and TLR4 in patients with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.

OBJECTIVE Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disorder caused by the interaction between genes and environmental triggers. HT is the most common endocrine disorder, as well as the most common cause of hypothyroidism. Autoimmunity plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of HT and recent studies suggest that Toll-like receptor (TLR) signals lead to an increased inflammatory response. The aim of our study is to investigate whether TLR-2 and TLR-4 levels and gene polymorphisms contribute to the damaged immune response leading to HT. METHODS Using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TLR2 gene Arg677Trp, Arg753Gln, 196-174 del and TLR4 gene Asp299Gly, Thr399Ile were studied in 100 patients with HT and 100 healthy controls. Also, we investigated to serum levels TLR-2 and TLR-4 in the immunopathogenesis of HT. TLR-2 and TLR-4 serum levels were found to be significantly higher in HT patients than the control group. However, no statistical significance was found between patient and control groups in terms of genotype frequencies and allele frequency distribution of TLR2 gene Arg677Trp, Arg753Gln, 196-174 del and TLR4 gene Asp299Gly, Thr399Ile polymorphisms. RESULT TLR2 gene Arg677Trp, Arg753Gln, 196-174 del and TLR4 gene Asp299Gly, Thr399Ile polymorphism do not appear to have a role in the development of HT disease. However, in our study, serum levels of TLR-2 and TLR-4 were found to be higher in HT patients than control groups. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that TLR-2 and TLR-4 play important role in the immunopathologic mechanism of disease by causing an increase in proinflammatory response.

• Publication year

  2019

• Venue

  Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets

• Publication date

  Unknown publication date

• Fields of study

  Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.2174/1871530319666190329114621PMID 30924423
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• mTOR at the Transmitting and Receiving Ends in Tumor Immunity

  2018cited by this paper
• Polymorphisms and expression of toll-like receptors in autoimmune thyroid diseases

  2017cited by this paper
• Increased Toll-Like Receptors Activity and TLR Ligands in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases

  2016cited by this paper
• The relationship between toll like receptor 4 gene rs4986790 and rs4986791 polymorphisms and sepsis susceptibility: A meta-analysis

  2016cited by this paper
• Toll-like receptors and chronic inflammation in rheumatic diseases: new developments

  2016cited by this paper
• Association of Toll-Like Receptor 10 Polymorphisms with Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in Korean Children

  2014cited by this paper
• TLR2 and TLR4 in Autoimmune Diseases: a Comprehensive Review

  2014cited by this paper
• Immune Adjuvant Effect of Molecularly-defined Toll-Like Receptor Ligands

  2014cited by this paper
• A Higher Frequency of Circulating IL-22+CD4+ T Cells in Chinese Patients with Newly Diagnosed Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

  2014cited by this paper
• Demonstration of Innate Immune Responses in the Thyroid Gland: Potential to Sense Danger and a Possible Trigger for Autoimmune Reactions

  2013cited by this paper
• Increased gene expression of Toll‐like receptor 4 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with psoriasis

  2013cited by this paper
• CD14 and TLR4 mediate cytokine release promoted by electronegative LDL in monocytes.

  2013cited by this paper
• Toll-like receptor polymorphisms and rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review

  2013cited by this paper
• SIFT web server: predicting effects of amino acid substitutions on proteins

  2012cited by this paper
• Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in thyroid autoimmunity

  2012cited by this paper
• TLR-signaling Networks

  2011cited by this paper
• Signaling via the RIP2 adaptor protein in central nervous system-infiltrating dendritic cells promotes inflammation and autoimmunity.

  2011cited by this paper
• Implication of the toll‐like receptor 4 pathway in the response to interferon‐β in multiple sclerosis

  2011cited by this paper
• Impact of Toll-like receptor 4 polymorphisms on risk of cancer.

  2011cited by this paper
• Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine: TLR-signaling Networks: An Integration of Adaptor Molecules, Kinases, and Cross-talk

  2011cited by this paper
• Toll-like receptor 2 gene polymorphisms, pulmonary tuberculosis, and natural killer cell counts

  2010cited by this paper
• The Toll-Like Receptor 4 D299G and T399I Polymorphisms Are Associated with Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis: A Meta-Analysis

  2010cited by this paper
• Increased circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and Th17 lymphocytes in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

  2010cited by this paper
• Macrophages Generate Reactive Oxygen Species in Response to Minimally Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein: Toll-Like Receptor 4– and Spleen Tyrosine Kinase–Dependent Activation of NADPH Oxidase 2

  2009cited by this paper
• Toll-like receptors and innate immunity.

  2009cited by this paper
• Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene polymorphisms in giant cell arteritis.

  2009cited by this paper
• No association of the TLR2 gene Arg753Gln polymorphism with rheumatic heart disease and Behçet’s disease

  2009cited by this paper
• TLR-4, IL-1R and TNF-R signaling to NF-κB: variations on a common theme

  2008cited by this paper
• TIRAP (MAL) S180L polymorphism is a common protective factor against developing tuberculosis and systemic lupus erythematosus.

  2008cited by this paper
• Innate immune sensing of pathogens and danger signals by cell surface Toll-like receptors.

  2007cited by this paper
• Toll-like receptor in salivary glands from patients with Sjögren's syndrome: functional analysis by human salivary gland cell line.

  2007cited by this paper
• Protection against autoimmune nephritis in MyD88-deficient MRL/lpr mice.

  2007cited by this paper
• [Measurement of IL-12 and IL-18 in sera of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease].

  2006cited by this paper
• Analysis of TLR4 Polymorphic Variants: New Insights into TLR4/MD-2/CD14 Stoichiometry, Structure, and Signaling1

  2006cited by this paper
• Toll‐like receptor 2 Arg753Gln gene polymorphism in Turkish patients with Behçet's disease

  2006cited by this paper
• Immunogenetics of Hashimoto's thyroiditis

  2005cited by this paper
• Expression and function of Toll-like receptor on T cells.

  2005cited by this paper
• Journal of Autoimmune Diseases BioMed Central

  2005cited by this paper
• An association study of asthma and total serum immunoglobin E levels for Toll‐like receptor polymorphisms in a Japanese population

  2004cited by this paper
• Expression of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in rheumatoid synovial tissue and regulation by proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-12 and interleukin-18 via interferon-gamma.

  2004cited by this paper
• Toll-like receptors.

  2003cited by this paper
• Toll-like receptor 4 polymorphisms and atherogenesis.

  2002cited by this paper
• Detection of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) mutation in the lepromatous leprosy patients.

  2001cited by this paper
• TLR4 mutations are associated with endotoxin hyporesponsiveness in humans

  2000cited by this paper
• Toll-like receptors in the induction of the innate immune response

  2000cited by this paper
• A Novel Polymorphism in the Toll-Like Receptor 2 Gene and Its Potential Association with Staphylococcal Infection

  2000cited by this paper
• Differential roles of TLR2 and TLR4 in recognition of gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial cell wall components.

  1999cited by this paper
• Multiple significance tests: the Bonferroni method

  1995cited by this paper

• Persistent symptoms in euthyroid Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: current hypotheses and emerging management strategies

  2025cites this paper
• Active Vitamin D Ameliorates Arsenite-Induced Thyroid Dysfunction in Sprague–Dawley Rats by Inhibiting the Toll-like Receptor 4/NF-KappaB-Mediated Inflammatory Response

  2024cites this paper
• The Role of Toll-like Receptor 2 (TLR2) in the Development and Progression of Hashimoto’s Disease (HD): A Case Study on Female Patients in Poland

  2023cites this paper
• Application of network pharmacology and molecular docking to explore the mechanism of Danggui Liuhuang Tang against hyperthyroidism.

  2023cites this paper
• Dioscin Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Thyroiditis via the mTOR and TLR4/NF-κB Signaling

  2023cites this paper
• Clinical efficacy and molecular mechanism of Chinese medicine in the treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis.

  2023cites this paper
• Lower circulating omentin-1 is independently linked to subclinical hypothyroidism reflecting cardiometabolic risk: an observational case-control and interventional, longitudinal study.

  2022cites this paper
• Association of TLR3 gene 1377C/T (rs3775290) and TLR7 gene C/G (rs3853839) polymorphism with hand, foot, and mouth disease caused by human enterovirus 71 infection susceptibility and severity in the Chinese Han population: A meta-analysis of case-control studies

  2022cites this paper
• Gene Polymorphism of Toll-Like Receptors in Chickenpox Patients: Observational Cohort Study

  2022cites this paper
• Toll-Like Receptors Gene Polymorphisms in Autoimmune Disease

  2021cites this paper
• Emerging evidence of Toll-like receptors as a putative pathway linking maternal inflammation and neurodevelopmental disorders in human offspring: a systematic review.

  2021cites this paper
• Polymorphism of toll-like receptor genes and autoimmune endocrine diseases.

  2020cites this paper