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Network-Based Analysis for Biological Discovery

L. Tripathi,Yi-an Chen,K. Mizuguchi,Yoichi Murakami

Published 2019 in Encyclopedia of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology

ABSTRACT

Genome‐scale interactions networks involving correlational, physical or regulatory associations between key biomolecules such as genes and proteins are key to the functioning of the cell; analysis of such gene networks facilitates a deeper understanding gene function and the underlying biological processes. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs), in particular are fundamental to many cellular processes and living systems. PPI dysfunctions have been implicated in various diseases and hence understanding PPI mechanisms and events leading to their dysregulation is a useful approach in disease biology research. In the post-genomics era, the emergence of improved experimental technologies has enabled the characterisation and construction of PPI networks (PPINs) on a proteome-wide scale. Here, we briefly discuss how PPINs inferred from experimentally characterised PPI data have been utilised for understanding cellular organisations, disease mechanisms and genotype-phenotype relationships. We also discuss how bioinformatics methods for PPI prediction can facilitate PPIN-based biological research. Despite the rapid advances in the field, our understandings of global interactomes are rather limited. We, therefore, briefly discuss future efforts in the field and how subsequent developments should facilitate the researchers to better leverage the PPINs and prioritise biologically and therapeutically relevant proteins.

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