Carnosinases, Their Substrates and Diseases

Carnosinases are Xaa-His dipeptidases that play diverse functions throughout all kingdoms of life. Human isoforms of carnosinase (CN1 and CN2) under appropriate conditions catalyze the hydrolysis of the dipeptides carnosine (β-alanyl-l-histidine) and homocarnosine (γ-aminobutyryl-l-histidine). Alterations of serum carnosinase (CN1) activity has been associated with several pathological conditions, such as neurological disorders, chronic diseases and cancer. For this reason the use of carnosinase levels as a biomarker in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been questioned. The hydrolysis of imidazole-related dipeptides in prokaryotes and eukaryotes is also catalyzed by aminoacyl-histidine dipeptidases like PepD (EC 3.4.13.3), PepV (EC 3.4.13.19) and anserinase (EC 3.4.13.5). The review deals with the structure and function of this class of enzymes in physiological and pathological conditions. The main substrates of these enzymes, i.e., carnosine, homocarnosine and anserine (β-alanyl-3-methyl-l-histidine) will also be described.

• Publication year

  2014

• Venue

  Molecules

• Publication date

  2014-02-01

• Fields of study

  Medicine, Chemistry

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.3390/molecules19022299PMID 24566305PMCID 6271292
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Copper(II)-chelating homocarnosine glycoconjugate as a new multifunctional compound.

  2014cited by this paper
• Molecular Identification of Carnosine N-Methyltransferase as Chicken Histamine N-Methyltransferase-Like Protein (HNMT-Like)

  2013cited by this paper
• Physiology and pathophysiology of carnosine.

  2013cited by this paper
• New derivative of carnosine for nanoparticle assemblies.

  2013cited by this paper
• A TRPA1 antagonist reverts oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain

  2013cited by this paper
• Carnosine Inhibits Aβ42 Aggregation by Perturbing the H‐Bond Network in and around the Central Hydrophobic Cluster

  2013cited by this paper
• Synthesis of Vitamin E-Carnosine (VECAR): New Antioxidant Molecule with Potential Application in Atherosclerosis

  2013cited by this paper
• Carnosine: from exercise performance to health

  2013cited by this paper
• Effect of minimized perfusion circuit on brain injury markers carnosinase and brain-type fatty binding protein in coronary artery bypass grafting patients.

  2013cited by this paper
• Carnosine derivatives: new multifunctional drug-like molecules

  2012cited by this paper
• Proteins with Altered Levels in Plasma from Glioblastoma Patients as Revealed by iTRAQ-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis

  2012cited by this paper
• Proteomic profiling of the substantia nigra demonstrates CNDP2 overexpression in Parkinson's disease.

  2012cited by this paper
• Purification and identification of two carnosine-cleaving enzymes, carnosine dipeptidase I and Xaa-methyl-His dipeptidase, from Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica).

  2012cited by this paper
• Transforming dietary peptides in promising lead compounds: the case of bioavailable carnosine analogs

  2012cited by this paper
• Administration of carnosine in the treatment of acute spinal cord injury.

  2011cited by this paper
• Design, Synthesis, ADME Properties, and Pharmacological Activities of β‐Alanyl‐D‐histidine (D‐Carnosine) Prodrugs with Improved Bioavailability

  2011cited by this paper
• Synthesis, physicochemical characterization, and biological activities of new carnosine derivatives stable in human serum as potential neuroprotective agents.

  2011cited by this paper
• Mass spectrometry assay for studying kinetic properties of dipeptidases: characterization of human and yeast dipeptidases.

  2011cited by this paper
• New glycoside derivatives of carnosine and analogs resistant to carnosinase hydrolysis: synthesis and characterization of their copper(II) complexes.

  2011cited by this paper
• Noncovalent interaction-driven stereoselectivity of copper(II) complexes with cyclodextrin derivatives of L- and D-carnosine.

  2011cited by this paper
• Carbonic anhydrase activators: gold nanoparticles coated with derivatized histamine, histidine, and carnosine show enhanced activatory effects on several mammalian isoforms.

  2011cited by this paper
• Identification and Validation of Novel Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Staging Early Alzheimer's Disease

  2011influential reference
• Carnosine treatment largely prevents alterations of renal carnosine metabolism in diabetic mice

  2011cited by this paper
• Common variants in CNDP1 and CNDP2, and risk of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes

  2011cited by this paper
• Common variants in the CNDP1 and CNDP2 genes and risk of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes

  2011cited by this paper
• Neuroprotective features of carnosine in oxidative driven diseases.

  2011cited by this paper
• Anserine inhibits carnosine degradation but in human serum carnosinase (CN1) is not correlated with histidine dipeptide concentration.

  2011cited by this paper
• Association of variants in the carnosine peptidase 1 gene (CNDP1) with diabetic nephropathy in American Indians.

  2011cited by this paper
• Intramolecular weak interactions in the thermodynamic stereoselectivity of copper(II) complexes with carnosine-trehalose conjugates.

  2011cited by this paper
• CHAPTER 3 N-GLYCOSYLATION OF CARNOSINASE INFLUENCES PROTEIN SECRETION AND ENZYME ACTIVITY : IMPLICATIONS FOR HYPERGLYCEMIA

  2011cited by this paper
• Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Carnosine on Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Amyloid Pathology, and Cognitive Deficits in 3xTg-AD Mice

  2011cited by this paper
• Molecular Identification of Carnosine Synthase as ATP-grasp Domain-containing Protein 1 (ATPGD1)*

  2010cited by this paper
• Association Between CNDP1 Genotype and Diabetic Nephropathy Is Sex Specific

  2010cited by this paper
• Vegetarianism, female gender and increasing age, but not CNDP1 genotype, are associated with reduced muscle carnosine levels in humans

  2010cited by this paper
• Crystal Structure and Mutational Analysis of Aminoacylhistidine Dipeptidase from Vibrio alginolyticus Reveal a New Architecture of M20 Metallopeptidases*

  2010influential reference
• Polaprezinc Protects Mice against Endotoxin Shock

  2010cited by this paper
• Muscle Carnosine Metabolism and β-Alanine Supplementation in Relation to Exercise and Training

  2010cited by this paper
• Telomere attrition in lens epithelial cells - a target for N-acetylcarnosine therapy.

  2010cited by this paper
• N-Glycosylation of Carnosinase Influences Protein Secretion and Enzyme Activity

  2010cited by this paper
• Biological Activity of Novel Synthetic Derivatives of Carnosine

  2010cited by this paper
• Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma biomarkers in Alzheimer disease

  2010cited by this paper
• Effects of anserine on the renal sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure in urethane-anesthetized rats.

  2010cited by this paper
• Carnosine retards tumor growth in vivo in an NIH3T3-HER2/neu mouse model

  2010cited by this paper
• Effect of anserine ingestion on hyperglycemia and the autonomic nerves in rats and humans

  2010cited by this paper
• Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Carnosine Derivatives as Selective and Efficient Sequestering Agents of Cytotoxic Reactive Carbonyl Species

  2009cited by this paper
• Polaprezinc (Zinc L-carnosine) is a potent inducer of anti-oxidative stress enzyme, heme oxygenase (HO)-1 - a new mechanism of gastric mucosal protection.

  2009cited by this paper
• Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of an aminoacylhistidine dipeptidase (PepD) from Vibrio alginolyticus.

  2009cited by this paper
• The influence of carnosinase gene polymorphisms on diabetic nephropathy risk in African-Americans

  2009cited by this paper
• Comparison of the carnosine and taurine contents of vastus lateralis of elderly Korean males, with impaired glucose tolerance, and young elite Korean swimmers

  2009cited by this paper
• Carnosine loading and washout in human skeletal muscles.

  2009cited by this paper
• Induction of heat shock proteins for protection against oxidative stress.

  2009cited by this paper
• State of the art clinical efficacy and safety evaluation of N-acetylcarnosine dipeptide ophthalmic prodrug. Principles for the delivery, self-bioactivation, molecular targets and interaction with a highly evolved histidyl-hydrazide structure in the treatment and therapeutic management of a group of

  2009cited by this paper
• Role of beta-alanine supplementation on muscle carnosine and exercise performance.

  2009cited by this paper
• Carnosinase Levels in Aging Brain: Redox State Induction and Cellular Stress Response

  2009cited by this paper
• Differential neuroprotective effects of carnosine, anserine, and N‐acetyl carnosine against permanent focal ischemia

  2008cited by this paper
• Serum carnosinase deficiency: a non-disabling phenotype?

  2008cited by this paper
• Anserine and carnosine determination in meat samples by pure micellar liquid chromatography.

  2008cited by this paper
• Structural Basis for Substrate Recognition and Hydrolysis by Mouse Carnosinase CN2*

  2008influential reference
• Metals in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.

  2008cited by this paper
• L-Carnosine Inhibits Metastasis of SK-Hep-1 Cells by Inhibition of Matrix Metaoproteinase-9 Expression and Induction of an Antimetastatic Gene, nm23-H1

  2008cited by this paper
• Exclusion of Polymorphisms in Carnosinase Genes (CNDP1 and CNDP2) as a Cause of Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 1 Diabetes

  2008cited by this paper
• New glycosidic derivatives of histidine-containing dipeptides with antioxidant properties and resistant to carnosinase activity.

  2008cited by this paper
• Impaired erythrocytes deformability in H2O2-induced oxidative stress: Protective effect of L-carnosine

  2008cited by this paper
• Peptide hydrolysis by the binuclear zinc enzyme aminopeptidase from Aeromonas proteolytica: a density functional theory study.

  2008cited by this paper
• Expression and characterization of the biofilm‐related and carnosine‐hydrolyzing aminoacylhistidine dipeptidase from Vibrio alginolyticus

  2008cited by this paper
• Carnosine Protects Against Aβ42-induced Neurotoxicity in Differentiated Rat PC12 Cells

  2008cited by this paper
• New L‐Dopa Codrugs as Potential Antiparkinson Agents

  2008cited by this paper
• Mining the genome for susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy: the role of large-scale studies and consortia.

  2007cited by this paper
• l-Carnosine, a Substrate of Carnosinase-1, Influences Glucose Metabolism

  2007cited by this paper
• A CTG Polymorphism in the CNDP1 Gene Determines the Secretion of Serum Carnosinase in Cos-7–Transfected Cells

  2007cited by this paper
• Could Carnosine or Related Structures Suppress Alzheimer's Disease?

  2007cited by this paper
• Brain type carnosinase in dementia: a pilot study

  2007cited by this paper
• Neuroprotective actions of a histidine analogue in models of ischemic stroke

  2007cited by this paper
• Anserine induced advantage effects on the antitumor activity of doxorubicin.

  2007cited by this paper
• Synthesis and antioxidant activity of new homocarnosine beta-cyclodextrin conjugates.

  2007cited by this paper
• Copper(II) complexes with β-cyclodextrin–homocarnosine conjugates and their antioxidant activity

  2007cited by this paper
• Identification and validation of novel CSF biomarkers for early stages of Alzheimer's disease

  2007influential reference
• A leucine repeat in the carnosinase gene CNDP1 is associated with diabetic end-stage renal disease in European Americans.

  2007cited by this paper
• Nitric oxide in the central nervous system: neuroprotection versus neurotoxicity

  2007cited by this paper
• Free amino acid and dipeptide changes in the body fluids from Alzheimer’s disease subjects

  2007cited by this paper
• Carnosine interaction with nitric oxide and astroglial cell protection

  2007cited by this paper
• Protective effect of orally administered carnosine on bleomycin-induced lung injury.

  2007cited by this paper
• Carnosine, taurine and enzyme activities of human skeletal muscle fibres from elderly subjects with osteoarthritis and young moderately active subjects

  2007cited by this paper
• Homology modeling of human serum carnosinase, a potential medicinal target, and MD simulations of its allosteric activation by citrate.

  2006cited by this paper
• PEPT2-mediated transport of 5-aminolevulinic acid and carnosine in astrocytes.

  2006cited by this paper
• Exercise Is Associated with Reduced Risk for Incident Dementia among Persons 65 Years of Age and Older

  2006cited by this paper
• Changes in adipopnectin, leptin, and fat mass after clenbuterol treatment in horses.

  2006cited by this paper
• The absorption of orally supplied β-alanine and its effect on muscle carnosine synthesis in human vastus lateralis

  2006cited by this paper
• Analysis of 14 Candidate Genes for Diabetic Nephropathy on Chromosome 3q in European Populations

  2006cited by this paper
• Carnosine and anserine ingestion enhances contribution of nonbicarbonate buffering.

  2006cited by this paper
• Carnosine as a protective factor in diabetic nephropathy: association with a leucine repeat of the carnosinase gene CNDP1.

  2005cited by this paper
• Carnosine Protects the Brain of Rats and Mongolian Gerbils against Ischemic Injury: After-Stroke-Effect

  2005cited by this paper
• Separation and determination of carnosine‐related peptides using capillary electrophoresis with laser‐induced fluorescence detection

  2005cited by this paper
• Histidine and carnosine delay diabetic deterioration in mice and protect human low density lipoprotein against oxidation and glycation.

  2005cited by this paper
• Purification and sequence identification of anserinase

  2005cited by this paper
• Identification and characterization of a mouse dipeptidase that hydrolyzes L-carnosine.

  2005cited by this paper
• Protective Effect of Carnosine During Nitrosative Stress in Astroglial Cell Cultures

  2005cited by this paper
• Dense-core plaques in Tg2576 and PSAPP mouse models of Alzheimer's disease are centered on vessel walls.

  2005cited by this paper
• Glycation, ageing and carnosine: are carnivorous diets beneficial?

  2005cited by this paper
• Carnosine and anserine act as effective transglycating agents in decomposition of aldose-derived Schiff bases.

  2005cited by this paper

• Low Plasma Carnosinase-1 Activity in Patients with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction: Implications for Carnosine Therapy in Heart Failure

  2025cites this paper
• Protective Functions of β-Alanyl-L-Histidine and Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine Glycoconjugates and Copper in Concert

  2025influential citation
• Brain-derived extracellular vesicle proteomics reveals neuroprotection induced by the ARB candesartan in Parkinson’s disease patients

  2025cites this paper
• 2-Oxo-Imidazole-Containing Dipeptides Resist Degradation by Carnosinase 1.

  2025cites this paper
• Analytical Review on Normal Brain Aging, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Stage 4S Neuroblastoma: Novel Insights Into Neuroprotection, Neurodegeneration, and Spontaneous Regression

  2025cites this paper
• Carnosine Biofunctionalized Hydroxyapatite Induces Copper-Driven Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis, Strengthening Its Bone Regenerative Capacities

  2025cites this paper
• Carnosine Dipeptidase(Cndp): An emerging therapeutic target for metabolic diseases and cancers

  2025cites this paper
• Hemodialysis removes protective metabolites and disrupts mitochondrial function.

  2025cites this paper
• Selection of optimal protein sets as serological tumor marker signatures.

  2025cites this paper
• Why Bestatin Prefers Human Carnosinase 2 (CN2) to Human Carnosinase 1 (CN1)

  2024cites this paper
• Estimation of Plasma Concentration of L-Carnosine and its Correlation with Core Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder Children: A Pilot Clinical Trial.

  2024cites this paper
• A comprehensive review on physiological and biological activities of carnosine: turning from preclinical facts to potential clinical applications

  2024cites this paper
• Serum protein responses to Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and DASH-Sodium trials and associations with blood pressure changes

  2024cites this paper
• Identification of brain-enriched proteins in CSF as biomarkers of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis

  2024cites this paper
• State of the Art in the Development of Human Serum Carnosinase Inhibitors

  2024cites this paper
• Research progress on intranasal treatment for Parkinson's disease

  2024cites this paper
• Proteinase Resistance of Carnosine, Pyrrolylcarnosine and Salicylcarnosine

  2024cites this paper
• Serum carnosinase 1, an early indicator for incident microalbuminuria in type 1 diabetes

  2024cites this paper
• Capillary blood protein markers of posttraumatic headache in children after concussion.

  2024cites this paper
• Anserine, a Histidine-Containing Dipeptide, Suppresses Pressure Overload-Induced Systolic Dysfunction by Inhibiting Histone Acetyltransferase Activity of p300 in Mice

  2024cites this paper
• Reactive Carbonyl Species and Protein Lipoxidation in Atherogenesis

  2024cites this paper
• The Possible Roles of β-alanine and L-carnosine in Anti-aging.

  2024cites this paper
• Gap Junctions and Connexins in Microglia-Related Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation: Perspectives for Drug Discovery

  2023cites this paper
• Exploring the structural and dynamic differences between human carnosinase I (CN1) and II (CN2)

  2023influential citation
• The Emerging Roles of γ-Glutamyl Peptides Produced by γ-Glutamyltransferase and the Glutathione Synthesis System

  2023cites this paper
• Binding Modes of Carnostatine, Homocarnosine, and Ophidine to Human Carnosinase 1

  2023cites this paper
• The effect of NAC and Carnosine on alzheimer’s disease-related in vitro model through RAGE-AGE signaling pathway

  2023cites this paper
• A Green and Cost-Effective Chromatographic Method for the Measurement of the Activity of Human Serum Carnosinase

  2023cites this paper
• Advances on Liquid Biopsy Analysis for Glioma Diagnosis

  2023cites this paper
• Copper(II) Complexes with Carnosine Conjugates of Hyaluronic Acids at Different Dipeptide Loading Percentages Behave as Multiple SOD Mimics and Stimulate Nrf2 Translocation and Antioxidant Response in In Vitro Inflammatory Model

  2023cites this paper
• The Therapeutic Potential of Novel Carnosine Formulations: Perspectives for Drug Development

  2023cites this paper
• Human carnosinases: A brief history, medicinal relevance, and in silico analyses.

  2023cites this paper
• Critical Roles of the Cysteine–Glutathione Axis in the Production of γ-Glutamyl Peptides in the Nervous System

  2023cites this paper
• Biological properties and methods for determination of carnosine

  2023cites this paper
• Proteome-Wide Analysis Using SOMAscan Identifies and Validates Epidermal Growth Factor as a Disease Marker of Collagenous Gastritis

  2022cites this paper
• Mass spectrometry-based proteomics in neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorders.

  2022cites this paper
• Effects of dietary supplementation with histidine and β-alanine on blood plasma metabolome of broiler chickens at different ages

  2022cites this paper
• Construction of 2DE Patterns of Plasma Proteins: Aspect of Potential Tumor Markers

  2022cites this paper
• Trehalose–Carnosine Prevents the Effects of Spinal Cord Injury Through Regulating Acute Inflammation and Zinc(II) Ion Homeostasis

  2022cites this paper
• Association Between Serum Carnosinase Concentration and Activity and Renal Function Impairment in a Type-2 Diabetes Cohort

  2022cites this paper
• Physiological Roles of Carnosine in Myocardial Function and Health

  2022influential citation
• Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Effects of Carnosine: Therapeutic Implications in Neurodegenerative Diseases

  2022cites this paper
• Synergistic Effect of L-Carnosine and Hyaluronic Acid in Their Covalent Conjugates on the Antioxidant Abilities and the Mutual Defense against Enzymatic Degradation

  2022cites this paper
• Improving Cognition with Nutraceuticals Targeting TGF-β1 Signaling

  2021cites this paper
• Anserine, HClO-scavenger, protected against cognitive decline in individuals with mild cognitive impairment

  2021cites this paper
• Carnosine, Small but Mighty—Prospect of Use as Functional Ingredient for Functional Food Formulation

  2021cites this paper
• Responses to β-alanine and carnosine supplementation of mussel Mytilus coruscus as revealed by UPLC–MS/MS based untargeted metabolomics

  2021cites this paper
• Carnosine dipeptidase II (CNDP2) protects cells under cysteine insufficiency by hydrolyzing glutathione-related peptides.

  2021cites this paper
• Effect of feeding histidine and β-alanine on carnosine concentration, growth performance, and meat quality of broiler chickens

  2021cites this paper
• An assessment of the transport mechanism and intraneuronal stability of l-carnosine

  2021cites this paper
• Ionophore Ability of Carnosine and Its Trehalose Conjugate Assists Copper Signal in Triggering Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Activation In Vitro

  2021cites this paper
• Loss of CNDP causes a shorter lifespan and higher sensitivity to oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster.

  2020influential citation
• Activation Effects of Carnosine- and Histidine-Containing Dipeptides on Human Carbonic Anhydrases: A Comprehensive Study

  2020cites this paper
• Protective effect of a new hyaluronic acid -carnosine conjugate on the modulation of the inflammatory response in mice subjected to collagen-induced arthritis.

  2020cites this paper
• Carnosine and Lung Disease.

  2020cites this paper
• Important roles of dietary taurine, creatine, carnosine, anserine and 4-hydroxyproline in human nutrition and health

  2020cites this paper
• Carnoquinolines Target Copper Dyshomeostasis, Aberrant Protein-Protein Interactions, and Oxidative Stress.

  2020cites this paper
• Hyaluronan-carnosine conjugates inhibit Aβ aggregation and toxicity

  2020cites this paper
• The proton-coupled oligopeptide transporters PEPT2, PHT1 and PHT2 mediate the uptake of carnosine in glioblastoma cells

  2019cites this paper
• The Effect of β-Alanine Supplementation on Carnosine and Histidine Content in the Hippocampus of 14-Month Old Rats.

  2019cites this paper
• Focusing on the functional characterization of the anserinase from Oreochromis niloticus.

  2019cites this paper
• Carnosine’s inhibitory effect on glioblastoma cell growth is independent of its cleavage

  2019cites this paper
• Carnosine induces intestinal cells to secrete exosomes that activate neuronal cells

  2019cites this paper
• Carnosine modulates the Sp1-Slc31a1/Ctr1 copper-sensing system and influences copper homeostasis in murine CNS-derived cells.

  2019cites this paper
• Non‐enzymatic reaction of carnosine and glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate accompanies metabolic changes of the pentose phosphate pathway

  2019cites this paper
• Investigating the association of rs2346061 (CNDP1), rs7577 (CNDP2), and rs1801133 (MTHFR) variants and homocysteine level with diabetic nephropathy in an Iranian population

  2019cites this paper
• [Lipoilcarnosine: synthesis, study of physico-chemical and antioxidant properties, biological activity].

  2018cites this paper
• Muscle carnosine in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis.

  2018cites this paper
• Novel mechanisms of glucolipotoxic pancreatic beta cell death

  2018cites this paper
• Lipoylcarnosine: Synthesis, Study of Physico-Chemical and Antioxidant Properties, Biological Activity

  2018cites this paper
• Giant tortoise genomes provide insights into longevity and age-related disease

  2018cites this paper
• SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM May 28 , 2018 14 : 00 Participants Registration Session I · Protein Interactions and Dynamics Chairs :

  2018cites this paper
• Elucidating the survival and response of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae after exposure to imipenem at sub-lethal concentrations

  2018cites this paper
• Next Steps on in Silico 2DE Analyses of Chromosome 18 Proteoforms.

  2018cites this paper
• Intranasal carnosine attenuates transcriptomic alterations and improves mitochondrial function in the Thy1-aSyn mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

  2018cites this paper
• Carnosine protects pancreatic beta cells and islets against oxidative stress damage.

  2018cites this paper
• Carnosinase, diabetes mellitus and the potential relevance of carnosinase deficiency

  2018cites this paper
• Direct HPLC separation of carnosine enantiomers with two chiral stationary phases based on penicillamine and teicoplanin derivatives.

  2018cites this paper
• The Combined Effects of Genetic Variation in the CNDP1 and CNDP2 Genes and Dietary Carbohydrate and Carotene Intake on Obesity Risk

  2018cites this paper
• The impact of thyroid hormone in seasonal breeding has a restricted transcriptional signature

  2017cites this paper
• Multitarget trehalose-carnosine conjugates inhibit Aβ aggregation, tune copper(II) activity and decrease acrolein toxicity.

  2017cites this paper
• Behavioral and inflammatory response in animals exposed to a low-pressure blast wave and supplemented with β-alanine

  2017cites this paper
• On the Relationship between Energy Metabolism, Proteostasis, Aging and Parkinson’s Disease: Possible Causative Role of Methylglyoxal and Alleviative Potential of Carnosine

  2017cites this paper
• Enzymatic and non‐enzymatic detoxification of 4‐hydroxynonenal: Methodological aspects and biological consequences

  2017cites this paper
• Proatherogenic effects of 4‐hydroxynonenal

  2017cites this paper
• Proteomic Analysis of Brain and Cerebrospinal Fluid from the Three Major Forms of Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis Reveals Potential Biomarkers.

  2017cites this paper
• Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis shows that disturbances in metabolism of tumor cells contribute to poor survival of RCC patients.

  2017cites this paper
• Carnosine modulates glutamine synthetase expression in senescent astrocytes exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/recovery.

  2017cites this paper
• The (CTG)n repeat polymorphism in CNDP1 gene: new insights into an old molecule

  2016cites this paper
• Serum Carnosine Dipeptidase 1 and Ubiquitin C - Terminal Hydrolase L1 as Markers of Brain Damage in Patients After Carotid Endarterectomy -

  2016cites this paper
• Computational approaches in the rational design of improved carbonyl quenchers: focus on histidine containing dipeptides.

  2016cites this paper
• Carnosine and Homocarnosine Degradation Mechanisms by the Human Carnosinase Enzyme CN1: Insights from Multiscale Simulations.

  2016cites this paper
• An electropolymerized molecularly imprinted polymer for selective carnosine sensing with impedimetric capacity.

  2016cites this paper
• Liposome antibody–ionophore conjugate antiproliferative activity increases by cellular metallostasis alteration

  2016cites this paper
• The protective effect of (S)-trolox–carnosine on a human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell culture under the impact of heavy metals

  2016cites this paper
• Metabolic Signature of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Involving a Cocktail of Amino Acids and Biogenic Amines

  2016cites this paper
• Carnosine: effect on aging-induced increase in brain regional monoamine oxidase-A activity.

  2015cites this paper
• Protein-Based Classifier to Predict Conversion from Clinically Isolated Syndrome to Multiple Sclerosis*

  2015cites this paper