Clustering and preferential attachment in growing networks.

We study empirically the time evolution of scientific collaboration networks in physics and biology. In these networks, two scientists are considered connected if they have coauthored one or more papers together. We show that the probability of a pair of scientists collaborating increases with the number of other collaborators they have in common, and that the probability of a particular scientist acquiring new collaborators increases with the number of his or her past collaborators. These results provide experimental evidence in favor of previously conjectured mechanisms for clustering and power-law degree distributions in networks.

• Publication year

  2001

• Venue

  Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics

• Publication date

  2001-04-11

• Fields of study

  Medicine, Physics

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1103/PhysRevE.64.025102arXiv cond-mat/0104209PMID 11497639
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Scientific collaboration networks. I. Network construction and fundamental results.

  2001influential reference
• Exploring complex networks

  2001cited by this paper
• Structure of growing social networks.

  2001cited by this paper
• Evolution of the social network of scientific collaborations

  2001influential reference
• Random graphs with arbitrary degree distributions and their applications.

  2000cited by this paper
• The structure of scientific collaboration networks.

  2000influential reference
• Graph structure in the Web

  2000cited by this paper
• Small worlds

  2000cited by this paper
• Scientific collaboration networks. II. Shortest paths, weighted networks, and centrality.

  2000cited by this paper
• Connectivity of growing random networks.

  2000cited by this paper
• Structure of growing networks with preferential linking.

  2000cited by this paper
• Classes of small-world networks.

  2000cited by this paper
• Diffusion, localization and dispersion relations on “small-world” lattices

  1999cited by this paper
• Epidemics and percolation in small-world networks.

  1999cited by this paper
• Emergence of Scaling in Random Networks

  1999cited by this paper
• Internet: Diameter of the World-Wide Web

  1999cited by this paper
• On power-law relationships of the Internet topology

  1999cited by this paper
• Emergence of scaling in random networks

  1999cited by this paper
• Collective dynamics of ‘small-world’ networks

  1998cited by this paper

• (work)Flow bots vs. No bots: Workflow dynamics and AI utilization in teams

  2026cites this paper
• Identification of repurposed smart healthcare innovation opportunities for cross-disease applications via dynamic multiplex disease network

  2026cites this paper
• Crown-to-ground: Above- and below-ground links mediated by arboreal ants and host tree modify soil aggregation scaling, infiltration, and chemistry

  2026cites this paper
• TGSBM: Transformer-Guided Stochastic Block Model for Link Prediction

  2026influential citation
• Prior-Informed Flow Matching for Graph Reconstruction

  2026cites this paper
• LCLRD: Link Prediction via Contrastive Learning With Relational Distillation

  2026cites this paper
• A latent space model for link prediction in statistical citation network

  2026cites this paper
• Plain Transformers are Surprisingly Powerful Link Predictors

  2026cites this paper
• Preferential Attachment Hypergraph Model With Randomized Hyperedge Count and Size

  2026cites this paper
• A Survey on Missing Data Generation in Networks

  2026cites this paper
• Community Detection and Hyperlink Prediction in Multilayer Hypergraphs

  2026cites this paper
• AMPS: A Direction-Aware Adaptive Multi-Scale Potential Model for Link Prediction in Complex Networks

  2026cites this paper
• Unraveling vaccination behavior under misinformation in homogeneous and heterogeneous populations via integrated dynamical and network models.

  2026cites this paper
• Dynamic link prediction in construction innovation networks: An integrated framework of topological and content attributes

  2026cites this paper
• Emerging megaregions and intensifying spatial polarization in South Korea: Evidence from nighttime light data (1992–2020)

  2026cites this paper
• Uncovering the dark side of failure tolerance: How failure-tolerance policy shapes collaborative innovation networks

  2026cites this paper
• LDComKG: an LLM-powered dual-enhanced framework for community-aware knowledge graph completion in traditional Chinese medicine

  2026cites this paper
• AGIS: Fast Approximate Graph Pattern Mining with Structure-Informed Sampling

  2026cites this paper
• GFS-Edge: Graph Fuzzy System for Edge Prediction

  2026cites this paper
• Anonymous reweighted subgraph sampling-based graph neural networks for link prediction

  2026cites this paper
• A Machine Learning Model for Predicting Collaboration in Regional Co-Authorship Network

  2026cites this paper
• IGA-LWP: An Iterative Gradient-based Adversarial Attack for Link Weight Prediction

  2026cites this paper
• A density-based framework for community detection in attributed networks

  2025cites this paper
• Directed Link Prediction Using GNN With Local and Global Feature Fusion

  2025cites this paper
• Research on Social Network Link Prediction Recommendation Based on Improved Superimposed Random Walk Model

  2025cites this paper
• A Link Prediction Algorithm Based on Layer Attention Mechanism for Multiplex Networks

  2025cites this paper
• Dual stream fusion link prediction for sparse graph based on variational graph autoencoder and pairwise learning

  2025cites this paper
• FreqPosDyG: Frequency-Enhanced Position-Aware Dynamic Graph Neural Network for Link Prediction

  2025cites this paper
• Identifying supply chain R&D partners via multilayer institutional cooperation network and tailored link prediction

  2025cites this paper
• Evaluation Of Link Prediction Techniques

  2025cites this paper
• SNAP Framework: Linked Prediction Based Anomaly Prevention With Suspicious Nodes on Social Network Graph

  2025cites this paper
• Analysis framework for higher-order temporal correlations with applications to human heartbeats

  2025cites this paper
• Dual graph regularized nonnegative matrix factorization with node attributes and higher-order structure for link prediction in attributed networks

  2025cites this paper
• A Bibliometric Analysis of Neonatal Condition Research in Africa: Volume, Impact, Themes, and Collaboration

  2025cites this paper
• HKANLP: Link Prediction With Hyperspherical Embeddings and Kolmogorov–Arnold Networks

  2025cites this paper
• Link prediction using motif-based dual graph-regularized autoencoder-like non-negative matrix factorization

  2025cites this paper
• Graph regularized symmetric non-negative matrix factorization with degree-related spectral clustering and topological structure for link prediction in complex network

  2025cites this paper
• Network Inequality through Preferential Attachment, Triadic Closure, and Homophily

  2025cites this paper
• Analysis of Echo Chamber Formation by Friend Recommendation

  2025influential citation
• A comprehensive survey on link prediction: from heuristics to graph transformers

  2025cites this paper
• GNNs Meet Sequence Models Along the Shortest-Path: an Expressive Method for Link Prediction

  2025cites this paper
• Information bottleneck for link prediction

  2025cites this paper
• A Scalable Pretraining Framework for Link Prediction with Efficient Adaptation

  2025cites this paper
• Link prediction in directed networks using Hits centrality and biased random walks

  2025cites this paper
• Evidencing preferential attachment in dependency network evolution

  2025cites this paper
• HyperEvent: A Strong Baseline for Dynamic Link Prediction via Relative Structural Encoding

  2025cites this paper
• Quantifying discriminability of evaluation metrics in link prediction for real networks

  2025cites this paper
• Predicting technological convergence with multi-channel graph neural networks: A case study of CRISPR

  2025cites this paper
• Enhancing link prediction model for seller product selection in E-commerce: A bipartite and tripartite network approach with domain-specific integration

  2025cites this paper
• Link prediction via reinforced distillation strategy

  2025cites this paper
• Global trends, collaboration networks and knowledge mapping of artificial intelligence evolution in sepsis diagnosis and management: A bibliometric analysis

  2025cites this paper
• Graph Neural Networks Based Analog Circuit Link Prediction

  2025cites this paper
• Mining higher-order structural information via adversarial-trained nonnegative matrix factorization for link prediction

  2025cites this paper
• Diffusion Signals Reveal Hidden Connections: A Physics-Inspired Framework for Link Prediction via Personalized PageRank Signals

  2025cites this paper
• A Structure-Feature Dynamic Decoupling GNN architecture for link prediction

  2025cites this paper
• Efficient Text-Attributed Graph Learning through Selective Annotation and Graph Alignment

  2025cites this paper
• Dynamic homophily with imperfect recall: modeling resilience in adversarial networks

  2025cites this paper
• Generalized degree-biased random walk on scale-free networks.

  2025cites this paper
• Unveiling the core-periphery dynamics and driving factors of intercity scientific mobility in China

  2025cites this paper
• Interpretable Link Prediction in AI-Driven Cancer Research: Uncovering Co-Authorship Patterns

  2025cites this paper
• Subgraph Generation for Generalizing on Out-of-Distribution Links

  2025cites this paper
• Cascade Popularity Prediction: A Multi-View Learning Approach With Socialized Modeling

  2025cites this paper
• QSearchNet: A Quantum Walk Search Framework for Link Prediction

  2025cites this paper
• Preferential and anti-preferential attachment conditioned by structural proximity in fixed-size networks

  2025cites this paper
• CoupleMDA: Metapath-Induced Structural-Semantic Coupling Network for miRNA-Disease Association Prediction

  2025cites this paper
• A Graph Completion Method that Jointly Predicts Geometry and Topology Enables Effective Molecule Assembly

  2025cites this paper
• Link prediction via robust bidirectional deep nonnegative matrix factorization

  2025cites this paper
• Enhancing link prediction in dynamic social networks through hybrid GCN-LSTM models

  2025cites this paper
• CycRank: a universal optimization framework for vital nodes identification in complex networks

  2025cites this paper
• Pairwisely constrained symmetric non-negative matrix factorization for link prediction in complex networks using degree-related clustering coefficient and improved closeness centrality

  2025cites this paper
• Socio-cognitive networks between researchers: Investigating scientific dualities with the group-oriented relational hyperevent model

  2025cites this paper
• A Systematic Approach for Studying How Topological Measurements Respond to Complex Networks Modifications

  2025cites this paper
• Asymptotic diameter of preferential attachment model

  2025cites this paper
• Subgraph Structure Feature Learning for Triangle Clique Prediction in Complex Networks

  2025influential citation
• Decentralization Funded by Centralization: Understanding Crypto Joint-Investment Network

  2025cites this paper
• SmGNN: Link Prediction in Sparse Layers of Multi-layer Graphs

  2025cites this paper
• OCN: Effectively Utilizing Higher-Order Common Neighbors for Better Link Prediction

  2025cites this paper
• Neighbor-Enhanced Link Prediction in Bipartite Networks

  2025cites this paper
• CIAGELP: Clustering Inspired Augmented Graph Embedding based Link Prediction in dynamic networks

  2025cites this paper
• Predicting spatio-temporal dynamics in aquaculture networks: An extended Katz index approach

  2025cites this paper
• Leveraging Network Methods for Hub-Like Microservice Detection

  2025cites this paper
• Improving Software Team Communication Through Social Interventions in Project Management Tools

  2025cites this paper
• Light Dynamic Graph Learning on Temporal Networks

  2025cites this paper
• Developing a predictive model for anticipating technology convergence: A transformer-based model and supervised learning approach

  2025cites this paper
• Tendencies toward triadic closure: Field experimental evidence

  2025cites this paper
• Strategic interdependence in sovereign lending

  2025cites this paper
• Detecting Anomalous Links in Networked Systems Exhibiting Scale-Free-Like Behaviors

  2025cites this paper
• Machine learning approaches for predicting the link of the global trade network of liquefied natural gas

  2025cites this paper
• Heuristic Methods are Good Teachers to Distill MLPs for Graph Link Prediction

  2025cites this paper
• Influence Prediction in Collaboration Networks: An Empirical Study on arXiv

  2025cites this paper
• Predicting Collaborations among Research Scientists: A Datathon Experience

  2025cites this paper
• Generalising thermodynamic efficiency of interactions: inferential, information-geometric and computational perspectives

  2025cites this paper
• Hypergraph Neural Networks Based on Enclosing Subgraph Extraction for Temporal Link Prediction

  2025cites this paper
• A generative model of function growth explains hidden self-similarities across biological and social systems

  2025cites this paper
• GNN-ACLP: Graph Neural Networks based Analog Circuit Link Prediction

  2025cites this paper
• Maximum likelihood estimation of burst-merging kernels for bursty time series.

  2025cites this paper
• A Hierarchical Quantized Tokenization Framework for Task-Adaptive Graph Representation Learning

  2025cites this paper
• Innovation similarity tendency in scientific collaboration: a group-level analysis using the IST-index

  2025cites this paper
• Explaining homophily without social selection: The role of transitivity in the formation of homophilic ties

  2025cites this paper
• On Collective Dynamics of Academic Journals: Polarization, Fluctuation, and Robustness

  2025cites this paper