Benefits and Risks of Testosterone Therapy in Men With Testosterone Deficiency

Abstract Testosterone (T) is the principal androgen hormone, which serves as a precursor for formation of 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT) or aromatization to estradiol (E2), each with important diverse physiological functions. T deficiency (TD; also referred to as hypogonadism), irrespective of its etiology (primary, secondary, or functional hypogonadism) has deleterious effects on men’s health and negatively impacts glycol-metabolic and cardio-metabolic functions, body composition, sexual function, and bone mineral density. Although TD is thought to increase with age and older men are at higher risk of TD, a considerable number of younger men are also afflicted with TD due to various causes. In addition, if remained untreated, TD contributes to anemia, reduces the quality of life, and increases mortality. This chapter summarizes the benefits of testosterone therapy and highlights the therapeutic and clinical value of this intervention in men with hypogonadism. Numerous studies, including recent clinical trials funded by NIH, provide strong evidence that T therapy is associated with a significant health benefit with regards to bone mineral density (BMD), anemia, sexual function, glycol-metabolic and cardio-metabolic functions, as well as improvements in body composition, mood, and quality of life. Outcomes in many of these studies also indicate that T therapy in the physiological range in hypogonadal men is a safe and effective therapeutic modality improving overall health and quality of life. However, such positive outcomes of T therapy on men’s health must be viewed with caution since long-term risks, if exist, have yet to be identified.

• Publication year

  2019

• Venue

  Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology

• Publication date

  Unknown publication date

• Fields of study

  Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1016/B978-0-12-813197-8.00018-X
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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