Influenza Virus and Glycemic Variability in Diabetes: A Killer Combination?

Following the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus pandemic, numerous studies identified the striking link between diabetes mellitus and influenza disease severity. Typically, influenza virus is a self-limiting infection but in individuals who have a pre-existing chronic illness, such as diabetes mellitus, severe influenza can develop. Here, we discuss the latest clinical and experimental evidence for the role of diabetes in predisposing the host to severe influenza. We explore the possible mechanisms that underlie this synergy and highlight the, as yet, unexplored role that blood glucose oscillations may play in disease development. Diabetes is one of the world’s fastest growing chronic diseases and influenza virus represents a constant and pervasive threat to human health. It is therefore imperative that we understand how diabetes increases influenza severity in order to mitigate the burden of future influenza epidemics and pandemics.

• Publication year

  2017

• Venue

  Frontiers in Microbiology

• Publication date

  2017-05-22

• Fields of study

  Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00861PMID 28588558PMCID 5438975
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• Blood glucose oscillations are proposed as an unexplored factor that may contribute to influenza disease development in diabetes.

  Confidence 0.84

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extractionB (s683577b42) reviewimjlk (vdp8mqzes2) reviewjihoonc (k5vuy3tzcm) review
• Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased influenza disease severity in the clinical and experimental evidence reviewed here.

  Confidence 0.95

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extractionB (s683577b42) reviewimjlk (vdp8mqzes2) reviewjihoonc (k5vuy3tzcm) review

• blood glucose oscillations

  phenomenon

  Fluctuations in blood glucose levels over time in a person with diabetes.

  Aliases: glycemic variability

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extractionB (s683577b42) reviewimjlk (vdp8mqzes2) reviewjihoonc (k5vuy3tzcm) review
• clinical and experimental evidence

  evidence set

  Human clinical observations and laboratory or animal findings discussed together as support for the review's conclusions.

  Aliases: evidence base

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extractionB (s683577b42) reviewimjlk (vdp8mqzes2) reviewjihoonc (k5vuy3tzcm) review
• diabetes mellitus

  condition

  A chronic metabolic disease characterized by impaired glucose regulation and elevated blood sugar.

  Aliases: diabetes, DM

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extractionB (s683577b42) reviewimjlk (vdp8mqzes2) reviewjihoonc (k5vuy3tzcm) review
• influenza virus

  virus

  The viral pathogen responsible for influenza infection in humans.

  Aliases: flu virus

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extractionB (s683577b42) reviewimjlk (vdp8mqzes2) reviewjihoonc (k5vuy3tzcm) review
• severe influenza

  condition

  A serious form of influenza infection with greater clinical illness severity than typical self-limited flu.

  Aliases: influenza severity

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extractionB (s683577b42) reviewimjlk (vdp8mqzes2) reviewjihoonc (k5vuy3tzcm) review

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