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Modelling of gene loss propensity in the pangenomes of three Brassica species suggests different mechanisms between polyploids and diploids

P. Bayer,Armin Scheben,Agnieszka A. Golicz,Yuxuan Yuan,S. Faure,HueyTyng Lee,H. Chawla,Robyn Anderson,I. Bancroft,H. Raman,Y. Lim,Steven Robbens,Lixi Jiang,Shengyi Liu,Michael S. Barker,M. Schranz,Xiaowu Wang,G. King,J. Pires,B. Chalhoub,R. Snowdon,J. Batley,D. Edwards

Published 2021 in Plant Biotechnology Journal

ABSTRACT

Summary Plant genomes demonstrate significant presence/absence variation (PAV) within a species; however, the factors that lead to this variation have not been studied systematically in Brassica across diploids and polyploids. Here, we developed pangenomes of polyploid Brassica napus and its two diploid progenitor genomes B. rapa and B. oleracea to infer how PAV may differ between diploids and polyploids. Modelling of gene loss suggests that loss propensity is primarily associated with transposable elements in the diploids while in B. napus, gene loss propensity is associated with homoeologous recombination. We use these results to gain insights into the different causes of gene loss, both in diploids and following polyploidization, and pave the way for the application of machine learning methods to understanding the underlying biological and physical causes of gene presence/absence.

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