Evaluating the effects of endocrine disruptors on endocrine function during development.

The major concerns with endocrine disruptors in the environment are based mostly on effects that have been observed on the developing embryo and fetus. The focus of the present manuscript is on disruption of three hormonal systems: estrogens, androgens, and thyroid hormones. These three hormonal systems have been well characterized with regard to their roles in normal development, and their actions during development are known to be perturbed by endocrine-disrupting chemicals. During development, organs are especially sensitive to low concentrations of the sex steroids and thyroid hormones. Changes induced by exposure to these hormones during development are often irreversible, in contrast with the reversible changes induced by transient hormone exposure in the adult. Although it is known that there are differences in embryonic/fetal/neonatal versus adult endocrine responses, minimal experimental information is available to aid in characterizing the risk of endocrine disruptors with regard to a number of issues. Issues discussed here include the hypothesis of greater sensitivity of embryos/fetuses to endocrine disruptors, irreversible consequences of exposure before maturation of homeostatic systems and during periods of genetic imprinting, and quantitative information related to the shape of the dose-response curve for specific developmental phenomena.

• Publication year

  1999

• Venue

  Environmental Health Perspectives

• Publication date

  1999-08-01

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine, Environmental Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1289/EHP.99107S4613PMID 10421771PMCID 1567510
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• INTELLECTUAL IMPAIRMENT IN CHILDREN EXPOSED TO POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS IN UTERO

  2000cited by this paper
• The estrogenic and antiandrogenic pesticide methoxychlor alters the reproductive tract and behavior without affecting pituitary size or LH and prolactin secretion in male rats

  1999cited by this paper
• No threshold dose for estradiol-induced sex reversal of turtle embryos: how little is too much?

  1999cited by this paper
• Low-dose bioactivity of xenoestrogens in animals: fetal exposure to low doses of methoxychlor and other xenoestrogens increases adult prostate size in mice

  1999cited by this paper
• Administration of potentially antiandrogenic pesticides (procymidone, linuron, iprodione, chlozolinate, p,p′-DDE, and ketoconazole) and toxic substances (dibutyl- and diethylhexyl phthalate, PCB 169, and ethane dimethane sulphonate) during sexual differentiation produces diverse profiles of reproduc

  1999cited by this paper
• Increased tumors but uncompromised fertility in the female descendants of mice exposed developmentally to diethylstilbestrol.

  1998cited by this paper
• The Effective Free Fraction of Estradiol and Xenoestrogens in Human Serum Measured by Whole Cell Uptake Assays: Physiology of Delivery Modifies Estrogenic Activity

  1998cited by this paper
• A Physiologically Based Approach To the Study of Bisphenol a and Other Estrogenic Chemicals On the Size of Reproductive Organs, Daily Sperm Production, and Behavior

  1998cited by this paper
• Environmental Neurotoxic Effects: the Search for New Protocols in Functional Teratology

  1998cited by this paper
• Interactions of Persistent Environmental Organohalogens With the Thyroid Hormone System: Mechanisms and Possible Consequences for Animal and Human Health

  1998cited by this paper
• During development, 17alpha-estradiol is a potent estrogen and carcinogen.

  1997cited by this paper
• Relative binding affinity-serum modified access (RBA-SMA) assay predicts the relative in vivo bioactivity of the xenoestrogens bisphenol A and octylphenol.

  1997cited by this paper
• Endocrine Disruptors: Effects on Sex Steroid Hormone Receptors and Sex Development

  1997cited by this paper
• Developing a marker of exposure to xenoestrogen mixtures in human serum.

  1997cited by this paper
• The environmental estrogen bisphenol A stimulates prolactin release in vitro and in vivo.

  1997cited by this paper
• Anti-thyroid isoflavones from soybean: isolation, characterization, and mechanisms of action.

  1997cited by this paper
• Prostate enlargement in mice due to fetal exposure to low doses of estradiol or diethylstilbestrol and opposite effects at high doses.

  1997cited by this paper
• A conserved Hox axis in the mouse and human female reproductive system: late establishment and persistent adult expression of the Hoxa cluster genes.

  1997cited by this paper
• Resynthesizing evolutionary and developmental biology.

  1996cited by this paper
• Three-dimensional quantitative structure--activity relationships for androgen receptor ligands.

  1996cited by this paper
• Intellectual impairment in children exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls in utero.

  1996cited by this paper
• Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale Performance in Humans Influenced by Maternal Consumption of Environmentally Contaminated Lake Ontario Fish

  1996cited by this paper
• Cellular and molecular effects of developmental exposure to diethylstilbestrol: implications for other environmental estrogens.

  1995cited by this paper
• Free estradiol in serum and brain uptake of estradiol during fetal and neonatal sexual differentiation in female rats.

  1995cited by this paper
• Androgen Receptor Antagonist versus Agonist Activities of the Fungicide Vinclozolin Relative to Hydroxyflutamide (*)

  1995cited by this paper
• Persistent DDT metabolite p,p'–DDE is a potent androgen receptor antagonist

  1995cited by this paper
• Gestational and lactational exposure of rats to xenoestrogens results in reduced testicular size and sperm production.

  1995cited by this paper
• Environmental hormone disruptors: evidence that vinclozolin developmental toxicity is mediated by antiandrogenic metabolites.

  1994cited by this paper
• Developmental effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in wildlife and humans.

  1993cited by this paper
• Estrogen receptors, estradiol, and diethylstilbestrol in early development: the mouse as a model for the study of estrogen receptors and estrogen sensitivity in embryonic development of male and female reproductive tracts.

  1993cited by this paper
• Chemically-induced alterations in sexual and functional development : the wildlife/human connection

  1992cited by this paper
• Nuclear hormone receptors : molecular mechanisms, cellular functions, clinical abnormalities

  1991cited by this paper
• Androgen receptor expression in developing male reproductive organs.

  1991cited by this paper
• Estrogen receptor expression in developing epididymis, efferent ductules, and other male reproductive organs.

  1991cited by this paper
• Results and evaluations of 48 continuous breeding reproduction studies conducted in mice.

  1989cited by this paper
• Sexual differentiation in litter-bearing mammals: influence of sex of adjacent fetuses in utero.

  1989cited by this paper
• Sexual differentiation in litter-bearing mammals: influence of sex of adjacent fetuses in utero.

  1989cited by this paper
• Estrogens and development.

  1987cited by this paper
• Genistein, a specific inhibitor of tyrosine-specific protein kinases.

  1987cited by this paper
• The ontogeny of biologically active androgen-binding protein in rat plasma, testis, and epididymis.

  1985cited by this paper
• Experimental study of the effect of diethylstilbestrol on the development of the human female reproductive tract.

  1983cited by this paper
• The serum transport of steroid hormones.

  1982cited by this paper
• Androgen- and estrogen-binding macromolecules in developing mouse brain: biochemical and genetic evidence.

  1975cited by this paper
• ENDOCRINE FUNCTIONS OF THE HUMAN FETOPLACENTAL UNIT.

  1964cited by this paper

• Effects of an environmental chemical mixture on early-stage embryo development: In vitro evidence from human embryonic stem cells.

  2025cites this paper
• Dynamic change of estrogen and progesterone metabolites in human urine during pregnancy

  2025cites this paper
• Unveiling the impact of bisphenol A on date mussels: Insights into oxidative stress, hormonal imbalance, gonadal atresia, and immune resilience.

  2025cites this paper
• The effect of bisphenol A on the Notch (Notch2 and Jagged2) signaling pathway in the follicular development of the neonatal rat ovary

  2024cites this paper
• Evaluating causal influence of maternal educational attainment on offspring birthweight via observational study and Mendelian randomization analyses

  2023cites this paper
• Endocrine disruptors in plastics alter β-cell physiology and increase the risk of diabetes mellitus

  2023cites this paper
• Methods of Removal of Hormones in Wastewater

  2023cites this paper
• Maternal phthalate exposure during pregnancy and testis function of young adult sons.

  2023cites this paper
• Actions of toxicants and endocrine disrupting chemicals in birds

  2022cites this paper
• Effects of Tooth Brushing and MouthWashing on Leaching Bisphenol A Levels From an Orthodontic Adhesive: An In Vitro Study.

  2022cites this paper
• Endocrine-disrupting chemicals.

  2022cites this paper
• Malformations of the External Genitalia

  2022cites this paper
• Implications of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on polycystic ovarian syndrome: A comprehensive review

  2022cites this paper
• The Effect of Bisphenol A on Notch Signaling Pathway in Development of Rat Testis

  2021cites this paper
• Endocrine disrupting chemicals: strategies to protect present and future generations

  2021cites this paper
• Gestational triclosan exposure and infant birth weight: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

  2021cites this paper
• Sex‐ and Developmental Stage–Related Differences in the Hepatic Transcriptome of Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) Exposed to 17β‐Trenbolone

  2021cites this paper
• Why Airborne Pesticides Are So Dangerous

  2021cites this paper
• Toxic Effects of Nonylphenol on Neonatal Testicular Development in Mouse Organ Culture

  2020cites this paper
• The occurrence and distribution of nonylphenols and nonylphenol ethoxylates in different species of fish.

  2020cites this paper
• Embodied cognition and its pathologies: The dynamics of institutional failure on wickedly hard problems

  2020cites this paper
• How AI founders on adversarial landscapes of fog and friction

  2020cites this paper
• Global estimation of mortality, disability-adjusted life years and welfare cost from exposure to ambient air pollution.

  2020cites this paper
• Influence of in utero di-n-hexyl phthalate and di-cyclohexyl phthalate exposure on the endocrine glands and T3, T4, and TSH hormone levels of male and female rats: Postnatal outcomes

  2020cites this paper
• Signal transduction in cognitive systems: Origin and dynamics of the inverted-U/U dose-response relations.

  2020cites this paper
• Endocrine Disruptors Regulatory Waves: A Frictional Lens Perspective on Regulated and Emerging Markets

  2020cites this paper
• Effects of Bisphenol A on Stem Cell Characteristics

  2020cites this paper
• Testis

  2020cites this paper
• Involvement of the Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Bisphenol A (BPA) in Human Placentation

  2020cites this paper
• Perinatal Exposure to Methoxychlor Affects Reproductive Function and Sexual Behavior in Mice

  2020cites this paper
• IMPACTS OF PLASTIC POLLUTION ON THE SUSTAINABILITY OF SEAFOOD VALUE CHAIN AND HUMAN HEALTH

  2019cites this paper
• In utero exposure to persistent and nonpersistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals and anogenital distance. A systematic review of epidemiological studies†

  2019cites this paper
• METOKSİKLORUN BÖBREK VE KARACİĞER DOKULARI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

  2019cites this paper
• Hormonal Imprinting: The First Cellular-level Evidence of Epigenetic Inheritance and its Present State

  2019cites this paper
• Impact of Endocrine Disruptors on the Aging Process: Biological and Medical Aspects

  2019cites this paper
• Screening Estrogen Receptor Modulators in a Paper-Based Breast Cancer Model.

  2018cites this paper
• Fötal ve Neonatal Rat Beyin Dokusunda Bisphenol A’nın Notch Sinyal Yolağı Üzerine Etkisi

  2018cites this paper
• Fötal ve Neonatal Rat Beyin Dokusunda Bisphenol A’nın Notch1 İmmunohistokimyasal Ekspresyonu Üzerine Etkisi

  2018cites this paper
• Prenatal exposure to phthalates and phenols and infant endocrine-sensitive outcomes: The MIREC study.

  2018cites this paper
• Effects of BPA on Notch1 Immunohistochemical Expression in Fetal and Neonatal Rat Brain

  2018cites this paper
• Antioxidant responses and DNA damage in primary hepatocytes of Van fish (Alburnus tarichi, Güldenstadt 1814) exposed to nonylphenol or octylphenol

  2018cites this paper
• Small RNA-seq analysis of single porcine blastocysts revealed that maternal estradiol-17beta exposure does not affect miRNA isoform (isomiR) expression

  2018cites this paper
• Long‐term oral exposure to safe dose of bisphenol A in association with high‐fat diet stimulate the prostatic lesions in a rodent model for prostate cancer

  2018cites this paper
• Environmental phenol associations with ultrasound and delivery measures of fetal growth.

  2018cites this paper
• Optimization of Sample Preparation for Detection of 10 Phthalates in Non-Alcoholic Beverages in Northern Vietnam

  2018cites this paper
• Physiochemical characteristics of aerosol particles collected from the Jokhang Temple indoors and the implication to human exposure.

  2018cites this paper
• Effects of folic acid on testicular toxicity induced by bisphenol-A in male Wistar rats

  2018cites this paper
• Testosterone and Endocrine Disruptors: Influence of Endocrine Disruptors on Male Reproductive Tract

  2017cites this paper
• The relationship between phthalates and obesity: serum and urine concentrations of phthalates.

  2017cites this paper
• Prenatal Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors

  2017cites this paper
• Uncertainties in Biological Responses that Influence Hazard and Risk Approaches to the Regulation of Endocrine Active Substances

  2017cites this paper
• Impacts of air pollution and its spatial spillover effect on public health based on China's big data sample

  2017cites this paper
• Phthalates in plastic bottled non-alcoholic beverages from China and estimated dietary exposure in adults

  2017cites this paper
• Chapter 5 Beneficial and Negative Impacts on Soil by the Reuse of Treated / Untreated Municipal Wastewater for Agricultural Irrigation – A Review of the Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

  2017cites this paper
• Atmospheric size-resolved trace elements in a city affected by non-ferrous metal smelting: Indications of respiratory deposition and health risk.

  2017cites this paper
• Sex-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms in External Genitalia Development

  2017cites this paper
• Zebrafish sex differentiation and gonad development: A review on the impact of environmental factors.

  2017cites this paper
• Populations at Special Risk

  2017cites this paper
• Demoralization and Obesity in Upper Manhattan

  2016cites this paper
• Bis-GMA affects craniofacial development in zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio).

  2016cites this paper
• In vitro OECD test methods applied to screen the estrogenic effect of chemicals, used in Korea.

  2016cites this paper
• Exploratory Analysis of the Links among Food Consumption Profiles, Prenatal Androgens, and Selected Measures of Quality of Life

  2016cites this paper
• Quantifying PM2.5-meteorology sensitivities in a global climate model

  2016cites this paper
• Development and recovery of histopathological alterations in the gonads of zebrafish (Danio rerio) after single and combined exposure to endocrine disruptors (17α-ethinylestradiol and fadrozole).

  2016cites this paper
• Neonatal bisphenol A exposure induces meiotic arrest and apoptosis of spermatogenic cells

  2016cites this paper
• Time Series Evaluation of Birth Defects in Areas with and without Unconventional Natural Gas Development

  2016cites this paper
• Protective Effect of Urtica Dioica L . ( Urtıcaceae ) Extract on Paraben Toxicity In Albino Mice

  2016cites this paper
• Endocrine activity of persistent organic pollutants accumulated in human silicone implants--Dosing in vitro assays by partitioning from silicone.

  2015cites this paper
• Effects of chronic and subtoxic chlorobenzenes on adrenocorticotrophic hormone release.

  2015cites this paper
• Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Sensitive Reproductive Endpoint Measures: Evidence from the MIREC and MIREC-ID Cohort Study in Canada

  2015cites this paper
• Using a reference partitioning phase to link exposure and effect assessment of hydrophobic organic chemicals: Novel equilibrium partitioning concepts and methods

  2015cites this paper
• Actions of Toxicants and Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Birds

  2015cites this paper
• Prenatal exposure to endocrine disruptors: a developmental etiology for polycystic ovary syndrome

  2015influential citation
• Sex-related differences in steroid concentrations in the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis trossulus) from the southern Baltic Sea.

  2015cites this paper
• Collection of airborne particles by a high-gradient permanent magnetic method ☆

  2014cites this paper
• Estrogen-responsive genes for environmental studies

  2014cites this paper
• Prenatal exposure to low doses of atrazine affects mating behaviors in male guppies.

  2014cites this paper
• SVEUČILIŠTE U ZAGREBU MEDICINSKI FAKULTET SVEUČILIŠNI DIPLOMSKI STUDIJ SESTRINSTVA

  2014cites this paper
• Transgenerational Epigenetics: Current Controversies and Debates

  2014cites this paper
• Beneficial and Negative Impacts on Soil by the Reuse of Treated/Untreated Municipal Wastewater for Agricultural Irrigation – A Review of the Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

  2014cites this paper
• Estrogenic Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: Molecular Mechanisms of Actions on Putative Human Diseases

  2014cites this paper
• Sex-specific enhanced behavioral toxicity induced by maternal exposure to a mixture of low dose endocrine-disrupting chemicals.

  2014cites this paper
• Assessing multiple endpoints of atrazine ingestion on gravid northern watersnakes (Nerodia sipedon) and their offspring

  2014cites this paper
• Maternal Cypermethrin Exposure during the Perinatal Period Impairs Testicular Development in C57BL Male Offspring

  2014cites this paper
• Environmental toxins

  2014cites this paper
• Perinatal exposure to methoxychlor enhances adult cognitive responses and hippocampal neurogenesis in mice

  2014cites this paper
• ZNAČAJ EDUKACIJE O UČINCIMA ENDOKRINIH DISRUPTORA NA ZDRAVLJE

  2014cites this paper
• Effects of endocrine disruptors in the development of the female reproductive tract.

  2014cites this paper
• TEŠKI METALI SA SVOJSTVIMA ENDOKRINIH DISRUPTORA

  2014cites this paper
• Predictive endocrine testing in the 21st century using in vitro assays of estrogen receptor signaling responses.

  2014cites this paper
• In Vitro Exposure of Leydig Cells to an Environmentally Relevant Mixture of Organochlorines Represses Early Steps of Steroidogenesis1

  2014cites this paper
• Effects of complex mixtures of antagonistic endocrine disrupting chemicals using the model fish Danio rerio.

  2014cites this paper
• Effects of bisphenol a exposure during early development on behavior and anatomy of the prefrontal cortex in adult male and female rats

  2013cites this paper
• Hormonális imprinting a központi idegrendszerben:

  2013cites this paper
• Endocrine disrupting potential of environmental chemicals characterized by high-throughput screening

  2013cites this paper
• Addressing historic environmental exposures along the Alaska Highway

  2013cites this paper
• Associations of prenatal exposure to phenols with birth outcomes.

  2013cites this paper
• [Hormonal imprinting in the central nervous system: causes and consequences].

  2013cites this paper
• Fetal adrenal development: Comparing effects of combined exposures to PCB 118 and PCB 153 in a sheep model

  2013cites this paper
• Hormonális imprinting a központi idegrendszerben : okok és következmények Csaba

  2013cites this paper