Astrocytic glycogen metabolism in the healthy and diseased brain

The brain contains a fairly low amount of glycogen, mostly located in astrocytes, a fact that has prompted the suggestion that glycogen does not have a significant physiological role in the brain. However, glycogen metabolism in astrocytes is essential for several key physiological processes and is adversely affected in disease. For instance, diminished ability to break down glycogen impinges on learning, and epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, and type 2 diabetes are all associated with abnormal astrocyte glycogen metabolism. Glycogen metabolism supports astrocytic K+ and neurotransmitter glutamate uptake and subsequent glutamine synthesis—three fundamental steps in excitatory signaling at most brain synapses. Thus, there is abundant evidence for a key role of glycogen in brain function. Here, we summarize the physiological brain functions that depend on glycogen, discuss glycogen metabolism in disease, and investigate how glycogen breakdown is regulated at the cellular and molecular levels.

• Publication year

  2018

• Venue

  Journal of Biological Chemistry

• Publication date

  2018-03-23

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1074/jbc.R117.803239PMID 29572349PMCID PMC5950001
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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