THE QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF INFLUENZA VIRUS AND ANTIBODIES BY MEANS OF RED CELL AGGLUTINATION

1. The agglutination titer for chicken red cells of freshly prepared or carefully stored suspensions of PR8 influenza virus, that is to say virus of maximum pathogenicity, was found to be proportional to the mouse lethal titer of the same preparations. 2. The agglutination titer of infected allantoic fluid procured in a standard way is relatively constant, regardless of the influenza strain used and its pathogenicity for mice. 3. Virus preparations inactivated by heat or storage may retain their agglutinating power. 4. Certain animal sera contain a partially heat-labile factor which, in low dilution, inhibits the agglutination of chicken red cells by influenza A and influenza B viruses. 5. The agglutination inhibition test, using ferret and human sera, gives qualitative data regarding influenza antibodies which are similar to the information obtained on the same sera by means of the virus neutralization test. 6. There is a definite relationship between the agglutination inhibition titer and the virus neutralization titer of a serum. On a logarithmic scale of both variables, this relationship is essentially linear within the range investigated. 7. The agglutination inhibition titer of immune ferret serum is inversely proportional to the amount of virus used in the test.

• Publication year

  1942

• Venue

  Journal of Experimental Medicine

• Publication date

  1942-01-01

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1084/JEM.75.1.49PMID 19871167PMCID 2135212
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• Certain sera contain a partially heat-labile factor that inhibits red cell agglutination, and agglutination inhibition testing with sera yields influenza antibody information similar to virus neutralization testing, with inhibition titer inversely related to the virus dose used.

  Confidence 0.95

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) review
• Virus inactivated by heat or storage may still retain red cell agglutination activity.

  Confidence 0.90

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) review
• Standardly prepared infected allantoic fluid has a relatively constant red cell agglutination titer.

  Confidence 0.93

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) review
• Freshly prepared or carefully stored PR8 influenza virus shows red cell agglutination titers proportional to mouse lethal titers.

  Confidence 0.97

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) review

• agglutination inhibition test

  assay

  A serum assay that measures blocking of red cell agglutination by virus.

  Aliases: hemagglutination inhibition test, HI test

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) review
• infected allantoic fluid

  specimen

  Fluid harvested from infected eggs and used as a standardized virus preparation.

  Aliases: allantoic fluid

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) review
• mouse lethal titer

  measurement

  A measure of virus amount based on lethality in mice.

  Aliases: mouse lethal titre

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) review
• pr8 influenza virus

  virus strain

  An influenza A virus strain used as the high-pathogenicity preparation in the assays.

  Aliases: PR8

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) review
• red cell agglutination

  phenomenon

  The clumping of chicken red cells used as the assay readout for influenza virus activity.

  Aliases: hemagglutination

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) review
• sera

  specimen

  Serum samples from ferrets, humans, and other animals used in the inhibition assays.

  Aliases: ferret serum, human sera, animal sera

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) review
• virus inactivation by heat or storage

  process

  Loss of infectivity caused by heating or storage of virus preparations.

  Aliases: heat-inactivated virus, stored virus

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) review
• virus neutralization test

  assay

  A serum assay that measures loss of viral infectivity after exposure to antibodies.

  Aliases: neutralization test

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) review

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