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Efficacy of Chlorogenic Acid in Treating Tripterygium Glycoside-Induced Asthenozoospermia in Rats and Its Possible Mechanisms

Long Chen,God’spower Bello-Onaghise,Mo Chen,Shunda Li,Yu Zhang,Haoran Wang,Qianwei Qu,Yanhua Li

Published 2025 in Veterinary Sciences

ABSTRACT

Simple Summary Tripterygium glycosides (TGs), derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Tripterygium wilfordii, are primarily utilized for treating autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. However, TG is associated with serious side effects, such as liver damage, heart toxicity, and reproductive issues, which limit its clinical use. Clinical studies indicate that around 23% of TG users experience adverse reactions, particularly reproductive complications, with men being more affected. Conditions like asthenozoospermia, characterized by low sperm counts, are prevalent among infertile men and are often linked to oxidative stress from elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This oxidative stress can damage sperm DNA and membranes, contributing to infertility. Antioxidants may help mitigate these effects, and one promising candidate is chlorogenic acid (CGA)—a compound found in various plants used in traditional Chinese medicine. CGA exhibits significant health benefits, including antioxidant properties. This study established an asthenozoospermia (AZS) model in male rats through the intragastric administration of TGs and explored the antioxidant potential of CGA in alleviating the oxidative stress-induced asthenozoospermia condition. With the help of the network pharmacology approach, we identified the MAPK pathway as the signaling pathway implicated in the elevation of oxidative stress markers in the TG-induced asthenozoospermia model group of rats. The same pathway was also used to elucidate the mechanisms by which CGA counteracted the reproductive toxicity of TG, ultimately highlighting its protective role in sperm health.

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